E07
extended
Speaker stance
Certainty
Certainty Signal
How sure is the speaker?
intermediate
Epistemic modality
Evidential adverb
Stance marker
Makna
A signal of certainty, probability, doubt, assumption, hearsay, inference, or confidence.
Cara mengenalinya
Look for words like certainly, probably, maybe, apparently.
Contoh
Kata
certainly|probably|maybe|apparently|surely
Frasa
probably true|maybe later|apparently finished
Kalimat
She is probably at home.
Visual guide
Basic shape
claim: She is at home.
^
certainty layer:
how sure is speaker?
maybe -> probably -> certainly
low mid high
Compare shape
Where can E07 live? adverb: probably particle: maybe modal verb: MOD + verb verb/mood: CERT-form same job: confidence
Tinjauan bahasa
Dalam bahasa ibu Anda
Indonesia
Kemunculan
strong
Tingkat kepentingan
Certainty is expressed with adverbs and stance phrases, not verb morphology.
Dia pasti sudah tahu.
He/she certainly already knows.
Dalam bahasa yang dipelajari
Inggris
Kemunculan
strong
Tingkat kesulitan
English certainty is expressed with modals, adverbs, stance verbs, and intonation.
She must be at home.
must = strong inference/certainty
Kendala umum pembelajar
Learners often confuse epistemic must/may/might with obligation or permission meanings.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.