handicap
gb/hˈændikˌæp/ us/hˈændikˌæp/
B2
英語
~ 7700
hátrány, hátráltat, hátrányos helyzetbe hoz, fogyatékosság, hendikep, esélyeket latolgat, felméri az esélyeket
名詞
B2
1
hátrány
A2
用法パターン：
[something] is a handicap (for/to [someone/something])
Growing up in a poor neighborhood was a real handicap for her, but she still became a lawyer.
Az, hogy szegény környéken nőtt fel, valódi hátrányt jelentett számára, de mégis ügyvéd lett.
His lack of experience is a serious handicap in such a competitive job market.
A tapasztalat hiánya komoly hátrányt jelent számára egy ilyen kiélezett munkaerőpiacon.
Not being able to drive can be a big handicap if you live in the countryside.
The team’s small budget is a major handicap when they play richer clubs.
Shyness can be a social handicap, especially at networking events.
学習者向け例文
Her short height is a handicap in basketball.
Alacsony termete hátrány a kosárlabdában.
Not speaking English well is a handicap when you travel.
Ha nem beszélsz jól angolul, az hátrányt jelent utazáskor.
His injury was a handicap, but he finished the race.
Having no computer is a handicap for students today.
The cold weather was a handicap for the workers outside.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use *handicap* when they simply mean *difficulty*. *Handicap* usually suggests a stronger, more lasting disadvantage that clearly hurts your chances of success, especially compared with other people. For mild problems, *difficulty* or *problem* is more natural.
意味
disadvantage that makes success harder
コロケーション
major handicap
|serious handicap
|big handicap
|social handicap
|be a handicap
|overcome a handicap
類義語
disadvantage (Most direct neutral synonym; slightly more common in everyday use.)
|
drawback (Emphasizes a negative feature of a plan or situation rather than a person’s position in a competition.)
|
obstacle (Suggests something you must get past or remove, not just a weaker position.)
対義語
advantage (Direct opposite; a condition that makes success easier instead of harder.)
|
asset (Something helpful or valuable, in contrast to a handicap that holds you back.)
テーマ
daily life
|work
|education
|core_vocabulary
定義
A problem or difficulty that makes it harder to do something well or to win against other people.
A disadvantage or difficulty that makes it harder for a person, group, or thing to succeed compared to others.
動詞
B2
2
用法パターン：
to handicap [someone/something]
The new regulations could handicap small companies that cannot afford extra paperwork.
Az új szabályozások hátrányos helyzetbe hozhatják azokat a kisvállalkozásokat, amelyek nem bírják el a többletadminisztráció költségeit.
His poor health handicapped him throughout his career.
Rossz egészségi állapota egész pályafutása során hátráltatta őt.
Lack of reliable internet access handicaps students in rural areas.
Being unable to travel will handicap the team’s efforts to expand into new markets.
Heavy rain handicapped the rescue operation and slowed progress.
学習者向け例文
The high price handicaps sales of the product.
A magas ár hátráltatja a termék eladásait.
Her fear of speaking handicaps her in meetings.
A megszólalástól való félelme hátráltatja őt az értekezleteken.
Bad roads handicap the delivery of food to the village.
Old machines handicap the factory’s work.
A weak education system handicaps many young people.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes say *handicap someone from doing something*, copying patterns from other verbs. Instead, say *handicap someone* and then explain how: e.g. *The rule handicaps small firms*, not *handicaps small firms from growing*.
意味
to place at a disadvantage
コロケーション
seriously handicap
|severely handicap
|handicap small businesses
|handicap growth
|handicap performance
|handicap efforts
類義語
hinder (Emphasizes slowing progress; *handicap* focuses more on creating a weaker position in comparison with others.)
|
disadvantage (Verb form used similarly, but *handicap* often sounds stronger or more structural.)
対義語
help (General opposite; removes difficulty instead of adding it.)
|
enable (Stresses making success easier or possible, opposite of making it harder.)
テーマ
work
|politics
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
定義
To put a person or thing in a weaker position so it is harder for them to win or do well.
To make it harder for someone or something to succeed or compete effectively.
名詞
B2
3
用法パターン：
[someone] has a handicap
Older documents often refer to a *mental handicap*, a term that has now been largely replaced by *intellectual disability*.
Régebbi dokumentumokban gyakran szerepel a „szellemi fogyatékosság” kifejezés; ezt ma már nagyrészt az „értelmi fogyatékosság” váltotta fel.
He was born with a severe physical handicap and uses a wheelchair.
Súlyos testi fogyatékossággal született, és kerekesszéket használ.
The building was rebuilt to improve access for people with handicaps.
Some countries still use the phrase *handicap parking* on road signs.
Many style guides advise avoiding the word *handicap* when describing a person’s condition.
学習者向け例文
Today, many people do not like the word *handicap* for a disability.
Ma már sokan nem szeretik, ha a fogyatékosság megnevezésére a „handicap” szót használják.
The old book uses the word *handicap* for a child with a disability.
A régi könyv a „handicap” szót használja egy fogyatékossággal élő gyermekre.
She has a physical handicap and cannot climb stairs.
The school helps students with learning handicaps.
New signs will replace the words *handicap parking* with *accessible parking*.
よくある間違い：
Learners may think *handicap* is the normal modern word for a disability because it appears on some signs or in older books. In current respectful English, use *disability* or more specific terms (*he has a visual impairment*), and avoid calling a person *a handicap* or *handicapped*.
意味
physical or mental disability (dated)
コロケーション
physical handicap
|mental handicap
|severe handicap
|learning handicap
|born with a handicap
|handicap parking
類義語
disability (The standard, more respectful modern term; preferred in most contexts.)
|
impairment (More technical or medical; often describes specific limits (e.g. *visual impairment*).)
対義語
ability (General opposite in everyday language; does not carry the social or legal meanings of *disability*.)
|
good health (Describes the absence of medical problems, contrasting with having a serious physical or mental limitation.)
テーマ
health
|society
|body
定義
An illness or body or mind problem that makes it hard for a person to do normal things. This use is now seen as old or impolite; people usually say *disability* instead.
A physical or mental condition that limits a person’s movements, senses, or activities; now generally considered old-fashioned or offensive when referring to people, with disability preferred.
名詞
B2
TECHNICAL
4
hendikep
B2
用法パターン：
[someone] has a [number] handicap
He plays off a handicap of 10, so he gives me several strokes a round.
10-es hendikeppel játszik, ezért körönként több ütésnyi előnyt ad nekem.
The club uses a handicap system so beginners can compete with advanced players.
A klub hendikeprendszert használ, hogy a kezdők is versenyezhessenek a haladó játékosokkal.
She’s a low-handicap golfer and often wins local tournaments.
In a handicap race, better horses carry more weight to even the field.
Your new handicap will be calculated after your next three rounds.
学習者向け例文
My golf handicap is 18.
A golfhendikepem 18-as.
A handicap helps new players play with good players.
A hendikep arra szolgál, hogy az új játékosok a jobb játékosokkal is játszhassanak.
He is a beginner, so he has a high handicap.
This is a handicap race; the slower horses get help.
They use handicaps so the game is fair for everyone.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse a *handicap* in sport with a general *disadvantage*. In sports, a handicap is usually a formal number or rule designed to make competition more fair, not just a random problem.
意味
sports rating to balance chances
コロケーション
golf handicap
|low handicap
|high handicap
|18-handicap golfer
|under handicap conditions
|handicap race
類義語
rating (General word; in many sports the specific system is called a handicap.)
|
advantage (In handicap systems, weaker players sometimes receive an advantage like extra points.)
対義語
scratch (In golf, a *scratch* player has a handicap of zero, so no adjustment, opposite of having a positive handicap.)
|
even conditions (A situation where no handicap system is used and everyone competes with no adjustments.)
テーマ
sports
|games
定義
In a sport or game, a number or rule that makes the game fair when strong and weak players play together.
In sports and other competitions, a rating, extra points, or other adjustment that is used to give weaker players a better chance against stronger players, or to compare players of different abilities fairly.
動詞
C1
5
用法パターン：
to handicap [a race/an election/the field]
Commentators are already handicapping the presidential race, even though it’s a year away.
A kommentátorok már most az elnökválasztási verseny esélyeit latolgatják, pedig még egy év van hátra.
It’s difficult to handicap the field when several teams are missing key players.
Nehéz felmérni a mezőny esélyeit, amikor több csapatból is hiányoznak kulcsjátékosok.
Analysts handicapped the merger’s chances as low because of likely regulatory challenges.
Experts are handicapping which films are most likely to win awards this season.
Betting sites constantly handicap upcoming games based on injuries and form.
学習者向け例文
Sports writers often handicap big games before they start.
A sportújságírók gyakran már a kezdés előtt latolgatják a nagy meccsek esélyeit.
It is hard to handicap this election because many voters are undecided.
Nehéz felmérni az esélyeket ezen a választáson, mert sok szavazó még bizonytalan.
Experts handicap which team will win the final.
The article handicaps the chances of each company.
Fans like to handicap the race and talk about who will win.
よくある間違い：
Learners may confuse this with the verb meaning *to disadvantage*. When *handicap* takes an event like *race* or *election* as its object, it usually means *to predict the likely result*, not *to make it more difficult*.
意味
to estimate chances of success
コロケーション
handicap the race
|handicap the field
|handicap the election
|analysts handicap
|experts handicap the odds
|hard to handicap
類義語
predict (General word; *handicap* suggests a more detailed, comparative judgment.)
|
assess (Focuses on evaluation; *handicap* implies evaluation of relative chances of winning.)
対義語
ignore (To not consider or estimate the chances at all, opposite of analyzing and handicapping.)
|
leave undecided (To refuse to give a prediction, opposite of stating likely outcomes.)
テーマ
sports
|politics
|media
定義
To guess who will win a race, game, or election, after looking at the strong and weak points of each side.
To judge or predict the likely outcome of a contest, race, election, or similar event, often by comparing the strengths and weaknesses of each side.
文法
辞書形
handicap
IPA
GB/hˈændikˌæp/
US/hˈændikˌæp/
音節・強勢
han - di - cap （3音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (han)
活用形
Noun
- Base: handicap
- Plural: handicaps
Verb
- Base: handicap
- 3rd Person Singular: handicaps
- Present Participle: handicapping
- Past: handicapped
関連語
Forms
handicaps
noun
handicapping
verb
handicapped
verb
Related words
Negative and opposite forms
advantage
noun B1
Advanced or less common
handicapper
noun
文法ポイント
- Irregular present participle: handicapping Verb
- Irregular past: handicapped Verb
表現
golf handicap
1/ɡˈɑlf hˈændikˌæp/
fixed phrase
technical
numerical rating for golfers
A number that shows how good a golfer is, used so players of different levels can play fairly together.
例文
- What’s your golf handicap?
- Her golf handicap has dropped from 18 to 10 this year.
- Players with a lower golf handicap usually have more experience.
handicap parking
1/hˈændikˌæp pˈɑɹkɪŋ/
fixed phrase
reserved parking for disabled drivers
Parking spaces that are only for people who have a disability permit, usually near a building entrance.
例文
- You need a special permit to park in handicap parking spaces.
- The store increased the number of handicap parking spots near the entrance.
- Some cities are changing the term *handicap parking* to *accessible parking*.
handicap the race
1/hˈændikˌæp ðə ɹˈeɪs/
fixed phrase
predict the race outcome
To judge or say which runner, horse, or team will probably win a race after looking at their strengths and weaknesses.
例文
- Sports journalists love to handicap the race before the season starts.
- It’s hard to handicap the race when several top runners are injured.
- Commentators spent an hour handicapping the race on live TV.
high handicap
1/hˈaɪ hˈændikˌæp/
fixed phrase
technical
large handicap in sport
Having a big handicap number, usually meaning the player is weaker or less experienced.
例文
- As a beginner, he has a high handicap.
- High-handicap players get more strokes to even the game.
- The tournament is open to both low and high handicap golfers.
low handicap
1/lˈoʊ hˈændikˌæp/
fixed phrase
technical
small handicap in sport
Having a small handicap number, usually meaning the player is quite strong or experienced.
例文
- She’s a low handicap golfer who plays in many competitions.
- Low handicap players often teach or coach beginners.
- The club gives prizes for the best low handicap score.
major handicap
1/mˈeɪd͡ʒɚ hˈændikˌæp/
fixed phrase
very serious disadvantage
A very big problem or difficulty that makes success much harder.
例文
- Lack of experience is a major handicap when applying for senior roles.
- Not speaking the local language was a major handicap during his first year abroad.
- For many small firms, limited cash flow is a major handicap.
mental handicap
1/mˈɛntəl hˈændikˌæp/
fixed phrase
mental disability (dated term)
An old or now impolite way to say a person has an intellectual or mental disability that makes learning or understanding harder.
例文
- Older textbooks sometimes refer to *children with a mental handicap*.
- The term *mental handicap* has largely been replaced by *intellectual disability* in modern writing.
- The charity changed its name to remove the phrase *mental handicap*.
overcome a handicap
1/ˈoʊvɚkˌʌm ə hˈændikˌæp/
fixed phrase
succeed even with a handicap
To be successful even though you have a problem or disadvantage that makes success harder.
例文
- She overcame a serious financial handicap to start her own company.
- Athletes who overcome a handicap are often seen as especially inspiring.
- With support from his teachers, he overcame his handicap and passed the exam.
physical handicap
1/fˈɪzɪkəl hˈændikˌæp/
fixed phrase
body-related disability (dated term)
An old or less polite way to say a person has a physical disability that makes moving or using the body difficult.
例文
- The article, written in the 1970s, frequently uses the phrase *physical handicap*.
- He was born with a physical handicap and uses crutches to walk.
- Modern guidelines suggest saying *physical disability* instead of *physical handicap*.
severe handicap
1/sɪvˈɪɹ hˈændikˌæp/
fixed phrase
very strong limiting handicap
A very strong handicap that makes doing normal things or succeeding extremely difficult.
例文
- Growing up without access to good schools is a severe handicap.
- He was born with a severe handicap and needs daily support.
- Poor transport links are a severe handicap for the town’s economy.