harsh
gb/hˈɑɹʃ/ us/hˈɑɹʃ/
B1
英語
~ 4200
kemény, durva, kíméletlen, bántó, zord, éles, mostoha
B1
1
用法パターン：
[someone/something] is harsh [to/with/on someone]
The teacher's harsh comments upset the student.
A tanár durva megjegyzései felzaklatták a diákot.
She faced harsh criticism after the speech.
A beszéd után kemény kritikát kapott.
The new law imposes harsh penalties for littering.
He spoke in a harsh tone that made everyone uncomfortable.
学習者向け例文
The boss was harsh to his workers.
A főnök durva volt a dolgozóival.
My father gave me a harsh punishment.
Apám keményen megbüntetett.
The coach's harsh words made the players sad.
His voice sounded harsh when he was angry.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse 'harsh' with 'hard'. 'Hard' can mean difficult, while 'harsh' refers to severity or unpleasantness.
意味
Unpleasantly severe or unkind
コロケーション
harsh criticism
|harsh punishment
|harsh words
|harsh reality
|harsh treatment
類義語
severe (Implies strictness or seriousness, but can be more neutral depending on context.)
|
cruel (Stronger emotional impact, suggesting intent to cause suffering.)
対義語
gentle (Suggests being kind, soft, and not severe.)
|
lenient (Implies being less strict or more forgiving.)
テーマ
emotions
|relationships
|communication
|core_vocabulary
定義
Very unkind or strict in what you say or do.
Unpleasantly severe, strict, or unkind in behavior, words, or treatment.
B1
2
The harsh light of the sun made her squint.
A nap éles fénye miatt hunyorognia kellett.
The desert has a harsh climate with extreme temperatures.
A sivatag éghajlata zord, szélsőséges hőmérsékletek jellemzik.
His voice had a harsh, metallic tone.
The fabric felt harsh against my skin.
学習者向け例文
The sun was harsh in the afternoon.
Délután bántóan erősen sütött a nap.
The music was harsh and loud.
A zene bántóan éles és hangos volt.
This country has a harsh winter.
The sandpaper is harsh on my hands.
意味
Unpleasant to the senses
コロケーション
harsh light
|harsh sound
|harsh climate
|harsh surface
類義語
grating (Specifically unpleasant to the ear.)
|
glaring (Specifically unpleasant to the eyes due to brightness.)
対義語
soft (Gentle and pleasant to the senses.)
|
mild (Not strong or extreme in sensory effect.)
テーマ
daily life
|environment
|perception
|core_vocabulary
定義
Rough, loud, bright, or strong in a way that feels bad to your eyes, ears, skin, or other senses.
Unpleasantly rough, jarring, or uncomfortable to see, hear, taste, or feel.
B1
3
Explorers must adapt to the harsh conditions of Antarctica.
A felfedezőknek alkalmazkodniuk kell az Antarktisz zord körülményeihez.
Life can be harsh in remote mountain villages.
Az élet kemény lehet a távoli hegyi falvakban.
The refugees fled from a harsh and war-torn region.
学習者向け例文
The desert is a harsh place.
A sivatag zord vidék.
They live in a harsh climate.
Zord éghajlaton élnek.
Work in the factory is harsh.
Winter is harsh in this city.
意味
Severely difficult conditions
コロケーション
harsh environment
|harsh conditions
|harsh reality
類義語
hostile (Describes environments actively dangerous to life.)
|
unforgiving (Suggests no tolerance for mistakes or weakness.)
対義語
favorable (Conditions that are good and supportive.)
|
hospitable (Friendly and welcoming, especially for living beings.)
テーマ
environment
|survival
|core_vocabulary
定義
Very hard to live in or get through because it is too cold, hot, dry, etc., or because life is very hard there.
Extremely difficult to live in or endure due to severity of conditions or circumstances.
文法
辞書形
harsh
IPA
GB/hˈɑɹʃ/
US/hˈɑɹʃ/
音節・強勢
harsh （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (harsh)
活用形
Adjective
- Base: harsh
- Comparative: harsher
- Superlative: harshest
関連語
表現
harsh punishment
1/hˈɑɹʃ pˈʌnɪʃmənt/
fixed phrase
Very severe penalty
A very strong and strict penalty given for doing something wrong.
例文
- The thief received a harsh punishment for his crime.
- Some say the law gives too harsh punishments for small offenses.
harsh reality
1/hˈɑɹʃ ɹiˈæləti/
fixed phrase
Unpleasant fact of life
A truth about life that is very unpleasant but must be accepted.
例文
- Losing your job is a harsh reality many face today.
- Growing old is a harsh reality we all must accept.
harsh criticism
1/hˈɑɹʃ kɹˈɪtɪsˌɪzəm/
fixed phrase
Severe negative judgment
Very strong and often unkind words about someone or something they did.
例文
- The film received harsh criticism from reviewers.
- The movie received harsh criticism from reviewers.
- Her speech drew harsh criticism from opponents.
- She gave him harsh criticism about his report.