specialization
gb/spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/ us/spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
B2
英語
~ 8000
語義
0件の語義
名詞
B2
entity
1
main field of work or study
A main subject or skill that a person chooses to focus on and become very good at.
用法パターン：
[someone]'s specialization is [field]
よくある間違い：
Learners often confuse "specialization" with "major." In university contexts, "major" is more common in everyday speech (especially in American English), while "specialization" can sound more formal or narrow. Another mistake is using the wrong preposition: say "a specialization in marketing," not "a specialization on marketing."
類義語
specialty (Very close in meaning; often a bit more informal and slightly more common in everyday speech, especially for jobs and food (e.g., a chef’s specialty).)
対義語
generalist (Refers to a person who has broad skills and knowledge in many areas instead of one clear specialization.)
コロケーション
area of specialization
|field of specialization
|medical specialization
|technical specialization
|professional specialization
|academic specialization
テーマ
education
|work
|business
|core_vocabulary
例文
- Her main specialization is environmental law.
- The program allows students to choose a specialization in their final year.
- Data security is a growing specialization within information technology.
- He completed his medical degree with a specialization in cardiology.
- Marketing analytics has become a highly valued specialization in many companies.
学習者向け例文
- My specialization is computer graphics.
- She wants a specialization in child psychology.
- This course is good for students with a business specialization.
- He changed his specialization from chemistry to biology.
- IT security is a useful specialization today.
名詞
C1
action
2
process of narrowing focus
The act of doing or learning fewer kinds of things so you can do those few things very well.
用法パターン：
the specialization of [work/roles/tasks]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes treat this sense as always countable. When talking about the general trend or process, "specialization" is usually uncountable (e.g., "increasing specialization," not *"an increasing specialization" unless you mean one specific case).
類義語
narrowing (More general word; does not always include the idea of professional or functional focus that "specialization" has.)
対義語
diversification (Describes doing or producing many different kinds of things, the opposite of focusing on a narrow set of tasks.)
コロケーション
increasing specialization
|job specialization
|role specialization
|high degree of specialization
|division and specialization of labor
|trend toward specialization
テーマ
work
|business
|society
|education
例文
- Increasing specialization in the workplace has created many highly focused roles.
- The specialization of tasks helped the company produce goods more efficiently.
- Modern societies rely on a high level of specialization to function smoothly.
- In smaller firms, there is less specialization, so employees must handle many different duties.
- The report describes a clear trend toward specialization in higher education.
学習者向け例文
- There is more specialization in big companies.
- Specialization of work can save time.
- Modern life needs a high level of specialization.
- With less specialization, each worker does many jobs.
- The book talks about specialization in modern society.
名詞
technical
C1
event
3
cells or organs becoming specialized
In biology, the way that cells or body parts change so they can do one special job well.
用法パターン：
the specialization of [cells/tissues/organs] for [function]
よくある間違い：
Learners may confuse "specialization" with "species" or "speciation" in biology because of similar spelling. "Specialization" is about cells or parts getting a specific job; "speciation" is about new species forming.
類義語
differentiation (More precise technical term in biology; often used specifically for cells becoming different types, while "specialization" can more broadly emphasize the function.)
対義語
undifferentiated (Describes cells or tissues that have not taken on a specific structure or function, which is the opposite state of specialized structures.)
コロケーション
cell specialization
|functional specialization
|specialization of cells
|specialization of tissues
|neural specialization
|adaptation and specialization
テーマ
biology
|science
|health
例文
- Cell specialization allows muscle cells and nerve cells to perform very different functions.
- The specialization of tissues is essential for the development of complex organisms.
- Brain specialization helps different regions control movement, language, and vision.
- Evolution has led to extreme specialization in the feeding structures of some insects.
- The paper explores the relationship between cell specialization and organism complexity.
学習者向け例文
- Cell specialization happens as the body grows.
- Specialization of cells lets them do different jobs.
- Tissue specialization is important in complex animals.
- Brain specialization means different parts do different things.
- In biology class we studied cell specialization.
名詞
technical
C1
state
4
economic focus on certain products
In economics, when people or places make only a few kinds of products or services so they can do them very well and trade with others.
用法パターン：
specialization in the production of [goods/services]
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes use "specialization" here to talk about a person’s job choice (which fits sense 1) instead of a wider economic pattern. When the subject is a country, industry, or region, it usually refers to the economic sense.
類義語
division of labor (Related but not identical; "division of labor" is about splitting tasks, while "specialization" focuses on repeatedly doing a limited set of tasks or products.)
対義語
self-sufficiency (Describes producing everything you need yourself instead of specializing and relying on trade.)
コロケーション
economic specialization
|regional specialization
|trade and specialization
|specialization and comparative advantage
|specialization in services
|industrial specialization
テーマ
economics
|business
|finance
例文
- International trade is driven by specialization and comparative advantage.
- The region’s specialization in high-tech manufacturing has boosted its economy.
- Economic specialization allows countries to focus on what they produce most efficiently.
- Over time, industrial specialization has made global supply chains more complex.
- The textbook explains how specialization and trade can increase total output.
学習者向け例文
- Many countries gain from specialization and trade.
- This city’s specialization is car production.
- Economic specialization can make workers more efficient.
- Regional specialization means each area makes different things.
- The lesson was about specialization in international trade.
文法
辞書形
specialization
IPA
GB/spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
US/spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
音節・強勢
spe - cial - iz - a - tion （5音節）
Stress on 4th syllable (a)
活用形
Noun
- Base: specialization
- Plural: specialization, specializations
関連語
Forms
specializations
noun
Core family
special
adjective A2
specialize
verb B1
specialist
noun B1
specialized
adjective
especially
adverb A2
Negative and opposite forms
unspecialized
adjective
generalist
noun C1
Advanced or less common
specialism
noun
overspecialization
noun
表現
area of specialization
1/ˈɛɹiə əv spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
person’s main expert field
The subject or skill that a person mainly works in or studies and knows best.
例文
- My area of specialization is corporate finance.
- The university is known for its strong areas of specialization in engineering and medicine.
- You should choose an area of specialization that matches your interests.
field of specialization
1/fˈild əv spˌɛʃələzˈeɪʃən/
fixed phrase
professional or academic domain
The professional or study area that someone has chosen to focus on.
例文
- Her field of specialization is international human rights law.
- Applicants must state their field of specialization on the form.
- Neuroscience is a challenging field of specialization.