D04
extended
Relations
Relations between participants
Instrument Link
With what means?
intermediate
Instrumental
Means
Comitative/instrumental marker
Reikšmė
The grammatical link that connects an action to the tool, method, channel, or means used.
Kaip atpažinti
Find the connector that means with, by, through, using.
Pavyzdžiai
Žodžiai
with|by|using|through
Frazės
with a key|by bus|using the app
Sakinys
She opened the door with a key.
Visual guide
Basic shape
SHE --opened--> DOOR
↑
with a key
INSTRUMENT = tool/means
Ask: with what means?
Compare shape
Same means, many shapes: with a key (tool) by bus (method) using the app (means) through X (channel) key-INST open (case)
Kalbos rodinys
Jūsų gimtojoje kalboje
Anglų
Raiška
strong
Svarba
English typically marks instruments with with, by, or using.
He opened it with a key.
with a key = instrument link
Kalboje, kurios mokotės
Ispanų
Raiška
strong
Sudėtingumas
Instrument relations are usually expressed with con or formal alternatives like mediante.
Lo abrió con una llave.
He/she opened it with a key.
Tipinis besimokančiųjų iššūkis
Learners may overgeneralize con but the core pattern is straightforward.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.