Actor / Source
Who or what starts the event?
ਅਰਥ
The participant that acts, causes, initiates, controls, or is presented as the source of an event.
ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਪਛਾਣਣਾ ਹੈ
Ask who is doing, causing, or starting the event.
ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
I|Peter|the dog|the machine|the wind
the teacher explains|the wind opens
The dog bit the postman.
Visual guide
ACTOR / SOURCE who starts the event? [the dog] -> bit -> postman [the wind] -> opens [the teacher] -> explains = doer/causer/source
Actor clues may differ order: [dog] bit postman case: [dog-NOM/ERG] agreement: dog -> verb pronoun form: I / me topic: [dog-TOP] voice: by [dog] role = event starter
ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਝਲਕ
ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਮੂਲ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ
Actors usually come before the object; perfective transitive clauses often mark the actor with ਨੇ.
ਰਾਮ ਨੇ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਪੜ੍ਹੀ।
Ram ERG book read.
ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਸਿੱਖੀ ਜਾ ਰਹੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ
In basic English clauses, the actor is usually before the verb and can trigger subject-verb agreement.
She opened the door.
she = the actor/source
Learners from flexible word-order languages may move the actor too freely or omit required subjects.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.