A06
extended
Scene core
Participant roles
Recipient / Beneficiary
To whom or for whose benefit does it happen?
intermediate
Indirect object
Recipient
Benefactive
Dative
ਅਰਥ
The participant who receives something, gets a result, benefits from an action, or is the intended receiver.
ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਪਛਾਣਣਾ ਹੈ
Ask who gets something or who the action is done for.
ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
ਸ਼ਬਦ
me|you|the child|the customer
ਵਾਕਾਂਸ਼
give me a book|buy food for Anna
ਵਾਕ
She gave the child a toy.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Transfer frame:
She gives a toy
|
v
the child
the child gets/benefits
Compare shape
One role, several forms: She gave [the child] a toy. She gave a toy [to the child]. She bought food [for Anna]. [ ] = who gets/benefits Order/prep/case may mark it
ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਝਲਕ
ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਮੂਲ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ)
ਮੌਜੂਦਗੀ
strong
ਮਹੱਤਤਾ
Recipients are commonly marked with ਨੂੰ or pronoun forms such as ਮੈਨੂੰ and ਉਸਨੂੰ.
ਮੈਂ ਉਸਨੂੰ ਇੱਕ ਕਿਤਾਬ ਦਿੱਤੀ।
I gave him/her a book.
ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਸਿੱਖੀ ਜਾ ਰਹੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ
ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ
ਮੌਜੂਦਗੀ
strong
ਮੁਸ਼ਕਲਤਾ
English marks recipients with double-object order or with prepositions such as to and for.
I gave her a book.
her = recipient
ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਆਮ ਸਮੱਸਿਆ
Learners often confuse 'give someone something' with 'give something to someone'.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.