grievous
gb/ɡɹˈivəs/ us/ɡɹˈivəs/
C1
英语
~ 26900
súlyos, bánatos, bús
C1
FORMAL
1
súlyos
B1
用法模式：
a grievous [injury/mistake/loss/harm]
The report concluded that the hospital had made a grievous error in diagnosing the patient.
A jelentés arra a következtetésre jutott, hogy a kórház súlyos hibát követett el a beteg diagnosztizálásában.
He suffered a grievous injury in the accident and spent months learning to walk again.
Súlyos sérülést szenvedett a balesetben, és hónapokig tartott, mire újra megtanult járni.
The company’s collapse was a grievous blow to the small town’s economy.
She felt a grievous sense of loss after the sudden death of her friend.
The government apologized for the grievous harm caused by its past policies.
学习者例句
The doctor made a grievous mistake during the operation.
Az orvos súlyos hibát követett el a műtét során.
He has a grievous wound on his leg after the crash.
Súlyos seb van a lábán a baleset után.
Losing her child was a grievous loss for the family.
The judge called it a grievous crime against innocent people.
They spoke about the grievous harm done to the planet.
常见错误：
Learners sometimes use *grievous* to mean simply "sad" or "angry" (e.g., "I am grievous" meaning "I am sad"). In modern English, *grievous* almost always describes the cause of suffering or harm (a grievous injury, a grievous error, grievous harm), not a person’s temporary feeling. Learners may also overuse it in casual speech, where "serious" or "very bad" is more natural.
含义
causing very serious suffering or harm
搭配
grievous injury
|grievous bodily harm
|grievous error
|grievous loss
|grievous injustice
|grievous blow
近义词
serious (More general and common; less formal and less intense than "grievous.")
|
severe (Stresses intensity or harshness, especially of pain or punishment; similar strength but more common.)
|
tragic (Focuses on the sadness and disaster, often with death; "grievous" can be tragic but also covers non-fatal harm or mistakes.)
|
devastating (Highlights emotional or large-scale destructive impact; often more emotional and informal than "grievous.")
反义词
minor (Describes damage or problems that are small and not very serious.)
|
slight (Suggests very little harm or importance, the opposite of something grievous.)
主题
emotions
|law
|problems
|health
|core_vocabulary
释义
Very serious and causing great pain, sadness, or damage.
Causing great pain, suffering, or very serious damage; extremely serious and often tragic.
C2
FORMAL
2
súlyos
B1
用法模式：
a grievous [burden/injustice/strain]
For many low-income families, the cost of healthcare is a grievous burden.
Sok alacsony jövedelmű család számára az egészségügyi ellátás költségei súlyos terhet jelentenek.
The workers spoke out against the grievous injustice of unpaid overtime.
A dolgozók felszólaltak a ki nem fizetett túlórák jelentette súlyos igazságtalanság ellen.
The new tax placed a grievous strain on small businesses.
Decades of conflict have caused grievous hardship for the region’s civilians.
The scandal inflicted grievous damage on the party’s reputation that will be hard to repair.
学习者例句
His debt is a grievous burden on the whole family.
Az adóssága súlyos teher az egész család számára.
The new law is a grievous hardship for poor people.
Az új törvény súlyos megpróbáltatás a szegény emberek számára.
Losing her job was a grievous blow to her plans.
The long war has brought grievous suffering to many people.
This change would be a grievous cost to our community.
常见错误：
Learners may not see a difference between this sense and the more concrete "serious injury or error" sense. Here, *grievous* often describes ongoing situations or conditions (a grievous burden, grievous hardship, grievous injustice), not just single events. In many cases, "very heavy" or "very serious" can replace it in simpler English.
含义
very hard or oppressive to bear
搭配
grievous burden
|grievous injustice
|grievous hardship
|grievous strain
|grievous cost
|grievous consequences
近义词
onerous (Formal; emphasizes that a duty or burden is very heavy and difficult to carry out.)
|
oppressive (Suggests something that weighs people down or treats them unfairly over time.)
|
crushing (More vivid and informal; highlights how the burden almost destroys someone emotionally or financially.)
反义词
light (Describes a duty or burden that is easy and not heavy or difficult.)
|
manageable (Suggests that a problem or responsibility can be handled without extreme difficulty.)
主题
problems
|society
|work
|core_vocabulary
释义
Very heavy or hard to live with, like a big problem or weight in life.
Extremely hard to bear, accept, or live with; very severe or oppressive.
C2
ARCHAIC
3
用法模式：
[someone] is grievous over [something]
With a grievous heart, she watched the ship disappear into the mist.
Bánatos szívvel nézte, ahogy a hajó beleveszik a ködbe.
They were grievous for many days after the king’s death.
A király halála után sok napig bánatosak voltak.
In the old tale, the mother sat grievous by the window, waiting for her lost child.
He spoke in a low, grievous voice that made the room fall silent.
学习者例句
In the story, the man is grievous after his son dies.
A történetben a férfi bánatos, miután meghal a fia.
The poem shows a grievous mother crying for her child.
A vers egy bánatos anyát mutat be, aki a gyermekét siratja.
Old books sometimes say a person is grievous when they are very sad.
He gives a grievous cry in the old play.
常见错误：
Learners may try to use this sense in modern everyday speech (e.g., "I am grievous today"). In contemporary English, this use sounds very old-fashioned or biblical. For modern speech, use "sad," "very sad," or "full of grief" instead.
含义
filled with deep grief or sorrow
搭配
grievous heart
|grievous tears
|grievous lamentation
|make someone grievous
近义词
sorrowful (Literary; close in meaning, describing a person filled with deep sadness.)
|
grief-stricken (Modern and vivid; strongly emphasizes being hit by intense grief.)
反义词
joyful (Describes a person filled with great happiness, the emotional opposite of being grievous.)
主题
emotions
释义
Feeling very strong sadness; full of grief. (Old-fashioned or literary.)
Feeling or showing deep grief or sorrow.
语法
词典原形
grievous
IPA
GB/ɡɹˈivəs/
US/ɡɹˈivəs/
音节与重音
griev - ous （2 个音节）
Stress on 1st syllable (griev)
词形变化
Adjective
- Base: grievous
词族
相关表达
grievous bodily harm
1/ɡɹˈivəs bˈɑdəli hˈɑɹm/
fixed phrase
technical
very serious physical injury (legal term)
Very serious injury to a person’s body, used especially as a legal term for a serious crime of violence.
例句
- He was charged with causing grievous bodily harm after the violent attack.
- The new law increases penalties for offenders who inflict grievous bodily harm.
- The victim survived but had clearly suffered grievous bodily harm.