primer
gb/pɹˈaɪmɚ/ us/pɹˈaɪmɚ/
B2
英语
~ 8700
bevezető, alapozó, alapozófesték, csappantyú, primer, sminkalap
名词
C1
1
bevezető
B1
用法模式：
a primer on [something]
This book is a great primer on personal finance for young adults.
Ez a könyv remek bevezető a személyes pénzügyek világába fiatal felnőtteknek.
Before the workshop, they sent us a short primer on the software we would use.
A workshop előtt elküldtek nekünk egy rövid bevezetőt arról a szoftverről, amelyet használni fogunk.
The article serves as a useful primer on climate change for non‑specialists.
She wrote a primer to help new employees understand the company’s culture.
If you’re new to coding, start with a beginner’s primer rather than a full textbook.
学习者例句
Our teacher gave us a short primer on world history.
A tanárunk adott nekünk egy rövid bevezetőt a világtörténelembe.
I read a primer on how to start a small business.
Elolvastam egy bevezetőt arról, hogyan lehet kisvállalkozást indítani.
This video is a good primer on basic yoga.
He bought a primer to learn the sounds of English letters.
The website offers a free primer on internet safety.
常见错误：
Learners sometimes think a "primer" must be a printed book, but it can also be an online article, video, or short course. There is also pronunciation variation: in American English for this sense, it is often said /ˈpraɪmər/ (like "pry-mer"), while in some other varieties it may be /ˈprɪmər/ ("prim-er").
含义
basic introduction to a subject
搭配
a good primer
|a basic primer
|a helpful primer
|a primer on [something]
|beginner's primer
近义词
introduction (Often used for the first part of a book or for a general overview, not always focused on teaching beginners.)
|
guide (Suggests practical help or instructions; may be longer or more detailed than a primer.)
|
handbook (Usually more complete and reference-like, while a primer focuses only on the basics.)
反义词
treatise (A long, detailed, and often academic work, the opposite of a short, basic primer.)
主题
education
|knowledge
|communication
|core_vocabulary
释义
A simple book or explanation that teaches the most important first facts about a subject.
A short book, article, lesson, or other resource that explains the basic facts of a subject for beginners.
名词
B2
2
alapozó
B1
用法模式：
apply primer to [a surface]
Make sure you apply a coat of primer before painting the walls.
Ügyelj rá, hogy a falak festése előtt felvigyél egy réteg alapozót.
The metal gate needs a rust‑inhibiting primer before the color coat.
A fémkapura a színes fedőréteg előtt rozsdagátló alapozó kell.
We used a stain‑blocking primer to cover the water damage on the ceiling.
Spray primer can save time when you are painting furniture with many details.
Without primer, the paint started to peel after only a few months.
学习者例句
We put primer on the wall before we painted it.
Alapozót kentünk a falra, mielőtt lefestettük.
Use white primer so the bright color looks better.
Használj fehér alapozót, hogy az élénk szín szebben mutasson.
He bought primer and paint at the hardware store.
The door looks smoother after one coat of primer.
You should let the primer dry before adding the next coat.
常见错误：
Learners may confuse "primer" with "primary" or "prime" and think it always means "most important". In painting, a primer is simply the first coat, not necessarily the most valuable one.
含义
preparatory coat before painting
搭配
apply primer
|coat of primer
|primer coat
|spray primer
|white primer
|primer paint
近义词
undercoat (Common in painting; usually refers to any layer under the topcoat, while primer is especially for preparing the bare surface.)
|
basecoat (Used especially in painting and cosmetics; can be decorative as well as preparatory, while primer is mainly functional.)
反义词
topcoat (The final visible layer of paint, which contrasts with primer as the first, hidden preparatory layer.)
主题
home
|construction
|art
|housing
|work
|daily_life
释义
A first thin layer put on a wall, wood, or metal so that the final paint will go on smoothly and stay well.
A first layer of paint or similar coating applied to a surface to help later coats stick better and last longer.
名词
C1
TECHNICAL
3
csappantyú
C2
用法模式：
the primer of [a cartridge]
The firing pin hits the primer, which ignites the powder inside the cartridge.
Az ütőszeg ráüt a csappantyúra, amely begyújtja a töltényben lévő lőport.
A damaged primer can cause the round to misfire.
A sérült csappantyú miatt a töltény nem sülhet el.
Reloaders must seat each new primer carefully into the primer pocket.
Inspect the spent primers for signs of excessive pressure.
The ammunition recall was due to a batch of defective primers.
学习者例句
The gun did not fire because the primer was bad.
A fegyver azért nem sült el, mert rossz volt a csappantyú.
When the pin hits the primer, the bullet shoots out.
Amikor az ütőszeg ráüt a csappantyúra, a lövedék kirepül a csőből.
He showed us the small primer inside the cartridge.
Old primers can be unsafe to use.
They changed the primer and the gun worked again.
常见错误：
Learners may confuse the primer with the main gunpowder or with the bullet itself. The primer is only the small part that starts the explosion; it is not the main source of power.
含义
small charge that ignites propellant
搭配
spent primer
|primer cap
|primer pocket
|strike the primer
|faulty primer
|percussion primer
近义词
igniter (General technical term for something that starts combustion; a primer is a specific kind of igniter used in ammunition.)
|
percussion cap (Historically used in older firearms; functions similarly to a primer but is a particular older design.)
反义词
dud (Informal term for ammunition that fails to explode; contrasts with a functioning primer that ignites correctly.)
主题
weapons
|engineering
|technology
释义
A tiny part of a bullet or cartridge that explodes first and starts the main explosion that fires the gun.
A small component containing an explosive compound that is struck or heated to ignite the main propellant charge in a firearm cartridge or similar ammunition.
名词
C2
TECHNICAL
4
primer
C1
用法模式：
design primers for [a gene]
We designed a new primer pair to amplify this region of the gene.
Új primerpárt terveztünk a gén ezen szakaszának felsokszorozásához.
If the primer is not specific enough, the PCR may produce many unwanted products.
Ha a primer nem elég specifikus, a PCR sok nem kívánt terméket eredményezhet.
The forward primer binds upstream of the mutation site.
Shorter primers generally bind less specifically to the template DNA.
Poor primer design is one of the most common causes of failed PCR reactions.
学习者例句
The scientist used a primer to copy a piece of DNA.
A tudós primert használt egy DNS-darab lemásolásához.
Each primer must match the DNA very well.
Minden primernek nagyon pontosan kell illeszkednie a DNS-hez.
We need two primers for this PCR test.
A bad primer can make the test fail.
The primer shows the enzyme where to start copying.
常见错误：
Learners sometimes mix up the "primer" with the "template" strand. The template is the long piece of DNA that is copied; the primer is the short piece that only marks the starting point.
含义
short sequence starting DNA synthesis
搭配
PCR primer
|forward primer
|reverse primer
|primer pair
|design primers
|binds to the primer
近义词
oligonucleotide (A broader technical term for a short nucleic acid strand; not every oligonucleotide is used as a primer, but many primers are oligonucleotides.)
反义词
template (The DNA strand that is copied; it plays the opposite role to a primer, which only marks where copying should begin.)
主题
science
|biology
|technology
|education
释义
In biology, a short piece of DNA or RNA that sticks to a matching part of a longer DNA strand and tells the cell or a machine where to start copying.
In molecular biology, a short sequence of DNA or RNA that binds to a complementary sequence and provides a starting point for DNA or RNA polymerase to begin synthesis.
名词
B2
5
用法模式：
apply primer before [makeup product]
Use a hydrating primer if your skin feels dry before applying foundation.
Használj hidratáló sminkalapot, ha száraznak érzed a bőrödet az alapozó felvitele előtt.
This primer helps to blur pores and fine lines.
Ez a sminkalap segít elhalványítani a pórusokat és az apró ráncokat.
Eye primer can keep your eyeshadow from creasing all day.
She skips primer when she wants a lighter makeup look.
A silicone‑based primer can make matte foundation glide on more smoothly.
学习者例句
I put primer on my face before my makeup.
Sminkelés előtt sminkalapot tettem az arcomra.
This primer makes my skin feel very smooth.
Ettől a sminkalaptól nagyon sima lesz a bőröm.
Use eye primer so your eyeshadow stays longer.
She forgot to use primer, so her makeup came off quickly.
A good primer can help if you have large pores.
常见错误：
Learners sometimes think a makeup "primer" must always add color, like foundation. In fact, many primers are clear or lightly tinted and are mainly used to change the texture or lasting power of other products.
含义
cosmetic base under makeup
搭配
face primer
|makeup primer
|eye primer
|hydrating primer
|silicone primer
|apply primer
近义词
base (A general word for any first cosmetic layer; a primer is a specific kind of base designed mainly to improve texture or wear, not to add color.)
反义词
setting spray (A product used at the end of makeup, the opposite step in the routine from primer, which is used at the beginning.)
主题
beauty
|daily life
|clothing
|daily_life
|core_vocabulary
释义
A cream or gel you put on your skin before makeup so the makeup looks smoother and lasts longer.
A cosmetic product applied to the face, eyelids, or other areas before makeup to create a smoother surface, increase staying power, or change how makeup looks.
语法
词典原形
primer
IPA
GB/pɹˈaɪmɚ/
US/pɹˈaɪmɚ/
音节与重音
primer （1 个音节）
Stress on 1st syllable (primer)
词形变化
Noun
- Base: primer
- Plural: primer, primers
词族
相关表达
a primer on
1/ə pɹˈaɪmɚ ˈɔn/
fixed phrase
basic introduction to a topic
Used to say that something gives simple first information about a topic for beginners.
例句
- This podcast episode is a great primer on artificial intelligence for non‑experts.
- The first chapter is a short primer on the key terms used in the book.
- Our training starts with a primer on company policies and safety rules.