Actor / Source
Who or what starts the event?
المعنى
The participant that acts, causes, initiates, controls, or is presented as the source of an event.
طريقة التعرّف عليه
Ask who is doing, causing, or starting the event.
أمثلة
I|Peter|the dog|the machine|the wind
the teacher explains|the wind opens
The dog bit the postman.
Visual guide
ACTOR / SOURCE who starts the event? [the dog] -> bit -> postman [the wind] -> opens [the teacher] -> explains = doer/causer/source
Actor clues may differ order: [dog] bit postman case: [dog-NOM/ERG] agreement: dog -> verb pronoun form: I / me topic: [dog-TOP] voice: by [dog] role = event starter
نظرة على اللغة
في اللغة الأم
Actors are often nominative and reflected in verb agreement; explicit subjects can be omitted when the verb is enough.
كتب الطالب الدرس.
The student wrote the lesson.
في اللغة قيد التعلم
In basic English clauses, the actor is usually before the verb and can trigger subject-verb agreement.
She opened the door.
she = the actor/source
Learners from flexible word-order languages may move the actor too freely or omit required subjects.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.