A természetes kommunikációhoz nem elég különálló rövid mondatokat mondani.

I was tired. I went home. I had work. I finished it. Less natural

Érthető, de darabos.

Kapcsolószavakkal:

I was tired, but I still had some work to finish, so I went home and completed it there.

A kapcsolószavak megmutatják a gondolatok viszonyát.

Hozzáadás

and
also
too
as well
in addition
furthermore

And

She speaks English and German.
I called him, and he answered immediately.

Also

Gyakran az ige előtt, a be után:

I also need the invoice.
She is also responsible for marketing.

Too, as well

Gyakran a mondat végén:

I need it too.
She works from home as well.

Ellentét

but
although
though
however
even though
while
whereas

But

The idea is good, but it’s too expensive.

Although

Although the idea is good, it’s too expensive.

Nem használunk egyszerre although és but párost ugyanabban a szerkezetben.

Although it’s good, but it’s expensive. Incorrect

However

Gyakran új mondatot vagy erősebb tagolást kapcsol össze:

The idea is good. However, it’s too expensive.

Even though

Erősebb meglepő ellentét:

Even though he was tired, he kept working.

Ok

because
since
as
because of
due to

Because + mondat

We stayed home because it was raining.

Because of + főnév

We stayed home because of the rain.
because of it was raining Incorrect

Due to

Formálisabb:

The flight was delayed due to bad weather.

Következmény

so
therefore
as a result
that’s why

So

It was raining, so we stayed home.

Therefore

Formálisabb:

The data was incomplete. Therefore, we repeated the test.

That’s why

Nagyon gyakori beszélt chunk:

I was tired. That’s why I left early.

Cél

to
in order to
so that

To + ige

I called to ask a question.

In order to

Formálisabb vagy hangsúlyosabb:

We changed the process in order to save time.

So that + mondat

I wrote it down so that I wouldn’t forget.

Feltétel

if
unless
as long as
provided that
I’ll help if I can.
We won’t finish unless we start now.

Időbeli kapcsolat

when
while
before
after
as soon as
until
Call me when you arrive.
I listened to a podcast while I was driving.
Check the address before you send it.
We left after the meeting ended.
I’ll tell you as soon as I know.

Példaadás

for example
for instance
such as
We need better tools, for example a shared calendar.
Some languages, such as English and French, use articles.

A such as után főnév vagy felsorolás áll.

Pontosítás és újrafogalmazás

in other words
that is
I mean
more specifically
The system is asynchronous. In other words, the response is not immediate.

Beszédben:

What I mean is...
Let me put it another way.

Vélemény felépítése

In my opinion...
Véleményem szerint…
From my point of view...
Az én szemszögemből…
As far as I’m concerned...
Ami engem illet…
The way I see it...
Ahogy én látom…
I think the main issue is that...
Szerintem a fő probléma az, hogy…

Strukturáló chunkok

First of all...
Először is…
The main point is...
A lényeg az, hogy…
On the one hand...
Egyrészt…
On the other hand...
Másrészt…
At the same time...
Ugyanakkor…
In the end...
Végül…
Overall...
Összességében…
To sum up...
Összefoglalva…

Túl hosszú mondatok

A magyarban természetes lehet egy hosszú, sok mellékmondatból álló szerkezet.

Angolul gyakran jobb két vagy három világos mondatra bontani.

Túlzsúfolt:

We changed the system because the old one was slow and because users complained although some people wanted to keep it and this caused several new problems. Less natural

Tisztábban:

We changed the system because the old one was slow and users had complained. Some people wanted to keep it, however, and the change caused several new problems.

Vessző röviden

Két teljes mondatot nem célszerű csak vesszővel összekapcsolni.

I was tired, I went home. Incorrect

Helyesen:

I was tired, so I went home.

vagy:

I was tired. I went home.

Gyakori chunkok

The reason is that...
Az az oka, hogy…
That’s why...
Ezért…
Even though...
Annak ellenére, hogy…
Because of...
…miatt
As a result...
Ennek eredményeként…
For example...
Például…
In other words...
Más szóval…
What I mean is...
Úgy értem, hogy…
On the other hand...
Másrészt…
At the same time...
Ugyanakkor…
Overall...
Összességében…

Gyakori hibák

Although I was tired, but I continued. Incorrect

Helyesen:

Although I was tired, I continued.

vagy:

I was tired, but I continued.
Because of I was tired... Incorrect

Helyesen:

Because I was tired...

vagy:

Because of my tiredness...
I went home, I was tired. Incorrect

Helyesen:

I went home because I was tired.
Despite of the rain... Incorrect

Helyesen:

Despite the rain...

vagy:

In spite of the rain...

Mini önellenőrzés

Your turn

Egészítsd ki:

We stayed home it was raining.
Your turn

Egészítsd ki:

We stayed home the rain.
Your turn

Javítsd:

Although it was expensive, but I bought it.
Your turn

Melyik formálisabb?

A lecke legfontosabb gondolata