Scope Lamp
Scope
Operator
Focus-sensitive particle
What does this marker apply to?
booster
intermediate
Information structure
معنا
The range affected by a word or marker such as not, only, also, all, every, already, still, almost, or even.
چطور آن را تشخیص دهید
Move the marker mentally and observe what meaning changes.
نمونهها
واژهها
only|also|not|all|every|almost|still
عبارتها
only Anna|not all|almost finished
جمله
Only John saw Mary.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Scope = lit area
Only [John] saw Mary
^^^^
only applies here
Meaning:
John, not others,
saw Mary.
Compare shape
Move the lamp: Only [John] saw Mary = subject in scope John only [saw Mary] = whole event in scope John saw only [Mary] = object in scope
نمای زبان
در زبان شما
Persian (Farsi, standard Iranian)
میزان حضور
strong
اهمیت
Scope is important with فقط, هم, حتی, negation and quantifiers.
فقط علی آمد.
only Ali came.
در زبان در حال یادگیری
Arabic (Modern Standard)
میزان حضور
strong
دشواری
Scope is important with negation, إلا, فقط, كل, بعض and similar operators.
لا أقرأ إلا الكتبَ المفيدة.
I read only useful books.
چالش رایج زبانآموزان
Learners may misplace إلا or misunderstand double-negative-like structures.
Good transfer potential
This block behaves relatively similarly, so you can transfer intuition more safely between the two languages.