A07
extended
Scene core
Participant roles
Instrument / Mediator
With what or through what does it happen?
intermediate
Instrumental
Instrument
Means
Makna
The tool, medium, body part, system, channel, or mediator used to perform or transmit the action.
Cara mengenalinya
Ask what tool or channel makes the action possible.
Contoh
Kata
knife|phone|car|email|hand
Frasa
with a knife|by email|through the app
Kalimat
He cut the bread with a knife.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Actor │ uses ▼ Instrument / mediator │ makes possible ▼ Action He cut bread with a knife.
Compare shape
Same role, different shapes: with a knife (preposition) knife-CASE (case ending) by email (medium) through the app (channel) hand + cut (bare/compound) Ask: with/through what?
Tinjauan bahasa
Dalam bahasa ibu Anda
Indonesia
Kemunculan
medium
Tingkat kepentingan
Instruments are commonly introduced with dengan; channels may use lewat or melalui.
Dia memotong roti dengan pisau.
He/she cuts bread with a knife.
Dalam bahasa yang dipelajari
Inggris
Kemunculan
strong
Tingkat kesulitan
English usually expresses instruments with prepositions, especially with.
She cut the bread with a knife.
with a knife = instrument
Kendala umum pembelajar
Learners may choose the wrong preposition or omit the instrument marker.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.