break
gb/bɹˈeɪk/ us/bɹˈeɪk/
A1
英語
~ 2200
eltör, összetör, szünetet tart, tönkretesz, elront, szünet, megszeg, megszakít, megtör, megzavar, eltörik, elszakad
動詞
A2
1
用法パターン：
to break [something]
Be careful not to break the vase.
Vigyázz, nehogy összetörd a vázát.
She broke her phone when she dropped it on the floor.
Összetörte a telefonját, amikor leejtette a földre.
The kids accidentally broke the window while playing.
学習者向け例文
I broke my cup.
Eltörtem a csészémet.
He broke the chair.
Eltörte a széket.
We broke the door by mistake.
よくある間違い：
Learners sometimes confuse 'break' with 'destroy'. 'Destroy' means to ruin completely, while 'break' means to make something come apart or stop working.
意味
Cause to separate into pieces
コロケーション
break a glass
|break a bone
|break the window
|break a plate
類義語
shatter (Implies breaking into many small, sharp pieces, often with force and noise.)
対義語
repair (Means to fix something that is broken so it can be used again.)
テーマ
daily life
|objects
|accidents
|core_vocabulary
定義
To make something come apart into pieces by hitting, dropping, or bending it.
To damage or destroy something so that it separates into pieces, often suddenly and by force.
動詞
A2
2
用法パターン：
to break for [something]
Let's break for lunch at noon.
Tartsunk ebédszünetet délben.
The teacher broke the class for a short break.
A tanár rövid szünetet rendelt el az órán.
We broke the meeting to take some calls.
学習者向け例文
We break for lunch at 12.
12-kor ebédszünetet tartunk.
The class breaks at 10:30.
Az órán 10:30-kor tartunk szünetet.
Let's break now.
意味
Stop briefly from activity
コロケーション
break for lunch
|break the meeting
|break for coffee
類義語
pause (A more general term for stopping briefly, often without physical rest.)
対義語
continue (Means to keep doing something without stopping.)
テーマ
daily life
|work
|time
|daily_life
定義
To stop doing something for a short time to rest or do something else.
To interrupt an activity or work in order to rest or do something else for a short time.
動詞
A2
3
tönkretesz
B1
elront
A2
用法パターン：
to break [machine/device]
She broke her laptop by spilling coffee on it.
Tönkretette a laptopját, mert kávét öntött rá.
The storm broke the satellite dish.
A vihar tönkretette a parabolaantennát.
I think I broke the printer when I tried to fix it.
学習者向け例文
I broke my phone.
Tönkretettem a telefonomat.
He broke the TV.
Tönkretette a tévét.
We broke the car engine.
意味
Cause to stop working
コロケーション
break the computer
|break the engine
|break the lock
類義語
damage (A broader term that can mean harm without complete failure.)
対義語
fix (Means to repair something so it works again.)
テーマ
technology
|daily life
|daily_life
定義
To make something not work anymore.
To damage something so that it no longer works or functions correctly.
名詞
A1
4
szünet
A1
Let's take a coffee break before we continue.
Tartsunk egy kávészünetet, mielőtt folytatjuk.
The workers get two breaks each day.
A munkások naponta két szünetet kapnak.
After a short break, they went back to work.
学習者向け例文
We have a break at 3 pm.
Háromkor szünetünk van.
Let's take a short break.
Tartsunk egy rövid szünetet.
I need a break now.
意味
Short rest from activity
コロケーション
coffee break
|lunch break
|short break
類義語
pause (A shorter or less formal stop than a full break.)
対義語
continuation (Means carrying on without stopping.)
テーマ
daily life
|work
|time
|daily_life
定義
A short time when you stop working or doing something.
A short stop in an activity or work to rest, eat, or do something else.
動詞
B1
5
megszeg
B1
用法パターン：
to break [law/rule/promise]
He broke the law by driving without a license.
Törvényt szegett azzal, hogy jogosítvány nélkül vezetett.
You shouldn't break your promises.
Nem szabad megszegned az ígéreteidet.
They broke the agreement after just one month.
学習者向け例文
Don't break the rules.
Ne szegd meg a szabályokat.
He broke his promise.
Megszegte az ígéretét.
We broke the law.
意味
Fail to follow rule/agreement
コロケーション
break the law
|break a promise
|break the rules
類義語
violate (More formal term used in legal contexts.)
対義語
keep (Means to honor or follow a rule or promise.)
テーマ
law
|ethics
|core_vocabulary
定義
To not do what a rule, law, or promise says you must do.
To not follow a law, rule, promise, or agreement.
動詞
B1
6
She broke the silence with a sudden laugh.
Hirtelen nevetéssel megtörte a csendet.
His phone call broke my concentration.
A telefonhívása megzavarta a koncentrációmat.
The fence was broken by the fallen tree.
学習者向け例文
He broke my sleep.
Megzavarta az alvásomat.
The noise broke the silence.
A zaj megtörte a csendet.
She broke my thinking.
意味
Interrupt continuity of something
コロケーション
break the silence
|break concentration
|break the line
類義語
interrupt (General term for stopping a continuous action or state.)
対義語
maintain (Means to keep something going without interruption.)
テーマ
communication
|daily life
|core_vocabulary
定義
To stop something that is going on without pause.
To cause an interruption in something continuous, such as silence, concentration, or a physical line.
動詞
A2
7
The rope broke under the weight.
A kötél elszakadt a súly alatt.
My glasses broke when I fell.
Eltört a szemüvegem, amikor elestem.
The branch broke in the wind.
学習者向け例文
The glass broke.
Eltört a pohár.
The tree branch broke in the wind.
Eltört a faág a szélben.
My pen broke.
意味
Separate into pieces unintentionally
コロケーション
rope breaks
|stick breaks
|glass breaks
類義語
snap (Often refers to quick breaking with a sharp sound.)
対義語
hold together (Means to remain whole and unbroken.)
テーマ
daily life
|core_vocabulary
定義
To come apart into pieces by accident or because it is weak.
To come apart into pieces because of force, pressure, or weakness, without deliberate action.
文法
辞書形
break
IPA
GB/bɹˈeɪk/
US/bɹˈeɪk/
音節・強勢
break （1音節）
Stress on 1st syllable (break)
活用形
Noun
- Base: break
- Plural: break, breaks
Verb
- Base: break
- 3rd Person Singular: breaks
- Present Participle: breaking
- Past: broke
- Past Participle: broken
関連語
Forms
Core family
breakable
adjective B1
Related words
breakdown
noun B1
breakthrough
noun B2
Negative and opposite forms
unbreakable
adjective
unbroken
adjective B1
Advanced or less common
breakage
noun
文法ポイント
- Irregular past: broke Verb
- Irregular past participle: broken Verb
表現
break up
1/bɹˈeɪk ˈʌp/
phrasal verb
End relationship or disperse group
To end a romantic relationship, or to make people in a group go away from each other.
例文
- They decided to break up after five years together.
- The police broke up the crowd.
give me a break
1/ɡˈɪv mˈi ə bɹˈeɪk/
idiom
informal
Request relief or express disbelief/impatience
'Stop bothering me' or 'I don't believe that' depending on context.
例文
- Oh, give me a break! That can't be true.
- Give me a break, I've been working all day!
take a break
1/tˈeɪk ə bɹˈeɪk/
fixed phrase
Stop temporarily for rest/refreshment
To stop what you are doing for a short time so you can rest.
例文
- Let's take a break before we continue working.
- You should take a break if you feel tired.
break into
1/bɹˈeɪk ˈɪntu/
phrasal verb
Enter illegally or start suddenly
To go into a place by force without permission, or suddenly start doing something like singing or laughing.
例文
- Someone broke into their house last night.
- Someone tried to break into our house last night.
- Thieves broke into the store and stole jewelry.
- He broke into laughter during the speech.
break down
1/bɹˈeɪk dˈaʊn/
phrasal verb
Stop working or collapse emotionally
When a machine stops working, or when a person starts crying or cannot control emotions anymore.
例文
- My car broke down on the way home.
- Our car broke down on the way to the airport.
- She broke down in tears when she heard the news.
- Let me break down the process so everyone can understand it.
- The washing machine has broken down again.
- She broke down in tears after hearing the news.
- The washing machine keeps breaking down, so we need a new one.
- He tried to stay calm but finally broke down during the interview.
- The teacher broke the problem down into three simple questions.
- The bus broke down in the middle of the journey and everyone had to get off.
- After days of stress, he broke down and asked for help.
- The article breaks down the new law in clear language.