A07
extended
Scene core
Participant roles
Instrument / Mediator
With what or through what does it happen?
intermediate
Instrumental
Instrument
Means
Betekenis
The tool, medium, body part, system, channel, or mediator used to perform or transmit the action.
Zo herken je het
Ask what tool or channel makes the action possible.
Voorbeelden
Woorden
knife|phone|car|email|hand
Zinnen
with a knife|by email|through the app
Voorbeeldzin
He cut the bread with a knife.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Actor │ uses ▼ Instrument / mediator │ makes possible ▼ Action He cut bread with a knife.
Compare shape
Same role, different shapes: with a knife (preposition) knife-CASE (case ending) by email (medium) through the app (channel) hand + cut (bare/compound) Ask: with/through what?
Taaloverzicht
In je moedertaal
Nederlands
Aanwezigheid
strong
Belang
Instruments are normally expressed with prepositions such as met or door.
Hij snijdt brood met een mes.
He cuts bread with a knife.
In de taal die je leert
Engels
Aanwezigheid
strong
Moeilijkheidsgraad
English usually expresses instruments with prepositions, especially with.
She cut the bread with a knife.
with a knife = instrument
Veelvoorkomend struikelpunt
Learners may choose the wrong preposition or omit the instrument marker.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.