E07
extended
Speaker stance
Certainty
Certainty Signal
How sure is the speaker?
intermediate
Epistemic modality
Evidential adverb
Stance marker
Ý nghĩa
A signal of certainty, probability, doubt, assumption, hearsay, inference, or confidence.
Cách nhận biết
Look for words like certainly, probably, maybe, apparently.
Ví dụ
Từ
certainly|probably|maybe|apparently|surely
Cụm từ
probably true|maybe later|apparently finished
Câu
She is probably at home.
Visual guide
Basic shape
claim: She is at home.
^
certainty layer:
how sure is speaker?
maybe -> probably -> certainly
low mid high
Compare shape
Where can E07 live? adverb: probably particle: maybe modal verb: MOD + verb verb/mood: CERT-form same job: confidence
Góc nhìn theo ngôn ngữ
Trong ngôn ngữ mẹ đẻ của Bạn
Việt
Mức độ thể hiện
strong
Tầm quan trọng
Certainty is expressed with chắc, chắc chắn, hẳn, đúng là and stance phrases.
Chắc chắn anh ấy biết.
certainly he know
Trong ngôn ngữ Bạn đang học
Anh
Mức độ thể hiện
strong
Độ khó
English certainty is expressed with modals, adverbs, stance verbs, and intonation.
She must be at home.
must = strong inference/certainty
Vấn đề thường gặp của người học
Learners often confuse epistemic must/may/might with obligation or permission meanings.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.