Certainty Signal
Epistemic modality
Evidential adverb
Stance marker
How sure is the speaker?
extended
intermediate
Speaker stance
Ý nghĩa
A signal of certainty, probability, doubt, assumption, hearsay, inference, or confidence.
Cách nhận biết
Look for words like certainly, probably, maybe, apparently.
Ví dụ
Từ
certainly|probably|maybe|apparently|surely
Cụm từ
probably true|maybe later|apparently finished
Câu
She is probably at home.
Visual guide
Basic shape
claim: She is at home.
^
certainty layer:
how sure is speaker?
maybe -> probably -> certainly
low mid high
Compare shape
Where can E07 live? adverb: probably particle: maybe modal verb: MOD + verb verb/mood: CERT-form same job: confidence
Góc nhìn theo ngôn ngữ
Trong ngôn ngữ của Bạn
Vietnamese (standard)
Mức độ thể hiện
strong
Tầm quan trọng
Certainty is expressed with chắc, chắc chắn, hẳn, đúng là and stance phrases.
Chắc chắn anh ấy biết.
certainly he know
Trong ngôn ngữ đang học
Japanese
Mức độ thể hiện
strong
Độ khó
Certainty is marked by adverbs and sentence-final forms such as だろう.
彼女はたぶん家にいる。
She is probably at home.
Vấn đề thường gặp của người học
Learners may miss the strength difference between たぶん, きっと and でしょう.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.