为了让学习过程尽可能高效，我们彻底重新设计了传统的不规则动词表。

首先，抛开字母顺序，严格按照日常对话中的使用频率对前 200 个动词排序。也就是说，会先学到最核心、最常用的词。

其次，把它们分成四种清晰的音形变化规律。不再硬背， 大脑会更自然地识别押韵结构和元音变化。下面就是要学习的四种规律：

  • 第 1 组：完全相同型（A-A-A）——三种形式完全一样。
  • 第 2 组：回归原形型（A-B-A）——过去分词回到基本形式。
  • 第 3 组：半变化型（A-B-B）——过去式和过去分词相同。
  • 第 4 组：完全变化型（A-B-C）——三种形式完全不同。

一起来看这份按使用频率整理的终极清单吧！

* 带星号的动词通常比较正式、文学化，或使用场景非常具体。初学者现在可以放心先跳过！

1．形式完全相同的动词（A-A-A 型）

三种形式完全相同。

基本形式（V1） 过去式（V2） 过去分词（V3） 中文释义
put put put 放，置
let let let 让，允许
set set set 设置，放置
cut cut cut 切，割
cost cost cost 花费
read read read 读，阅读
hit hit hit 打，击中
shut shut shut 关闭
hurt hurt hurt 疼痛，伤害
quit quit quit 停止，退出
spread spread spread 传播，涂抹
split split split 分开，劈开
fit fit fit 合适，适合
bet bet bet 打赌
burst burst burst 爆发，爆裂
upset upset upset 使烦恼，打翻
broadcast broadcast broadcast 广播，播出
preset * preset preset 预设
cast * cast cast 投，投射
shed * shed shed 脱落，倾泻
thrust * thrust thrust 推，猛刺
rid * rid rid 使摆脱
slit * slit slit 切开，割开
knit * knit knit 编织（毛线）

2．回到基本形式的动词（A-B-A 型）

过去分词（V3）与基本形式相同。

基本形式（V1） 过去式（V2） 过去分词（V3） 中文释义
come came come 来
become became become 变成
run ran run 跑
overcome overcame overcome 克服，战胜
outrun * outran outrun 跑得比……快，超过

3．过去式和过去分词相同的动词（A-B-B 型）

过去式（V2）和过去分词（V3）相同。

基本形式（V1） 过去式（V2） 过去分词（V3） 中文释义
have had had 拥有，有
make made made 制作，做
say said said 说
get got got / gotten 得到，获得，变成
think thought thought 想，认为
find found found 找到
tell told told 告诉，讲述
feel felt felt 感觉
leave left left 离开，抛下
bring brought brought 带来
buy bought bought 买，购买
hear heard heard 听见
keep kept kept 保持，保存
meet met met 遇见，见面
pay paid paid 支付
stand stood stood 站立
hold held held 拿着，握住
understand understood understood 理解
mean meant meant 意思是，打算
win won won 赢
lead led led 带领，引导
catch caught caught 抓住
sit sat sat 坐
lose lost lost 失去，丢失
sell sold sold 卖
send sent sent 发送，寄出
build built built 建造
spend spent spent 花费，度过（时间）
teach taught taught 教
sleep slept slept 睡觉
shoot shot shot 射击
lay laid laid 放下，放置
fight fought fought 战斗
deal dealt dealt 处理，发牌
feed fed fed 喂养
seek sought sought 寻找，寻求
burn burnt burnt 燃烧，烧毁
learn learnt learnt 学习
dream dreamt dreamt 做梦
smell smelt smelt 闻，散发气味
spell spelt spelt 拼写
spill spilt spilt 洒出，泼出
spoil spoilt spoilt 糟蹋，宠坏
leap leapt leapt 跳跃
hang hung hung 悬挂，吊挂
light lit lit 点燃，照亮
shine shone shone 发光，照耀
slide slid slid 滑动
spin spun spun 旋转，使旋转
spit spat spat 吐，吐痰
stick stuck stuck 粘住，刺入
sting stung stung 刺，叮（昆虫）
strike struck struck 打，撞击
sweep swept swept 扫
swing swung swung 摇摆，摆动
wind wound wound 缠绕，上发条
bend bent bent 弯曲
dig dug dug 挖
speed sped sped 疾驰，超速
rebuild rebuilt rebuilt 重建
resell resold resold 转售
remake remade remade 重新制作
retell retold retold 复述，再讲一遍
oversleep overslept overslept 睡过头（迟到）
misunderstand misunderstood misunderstood 误解
mislead misled misled 误导
overhear overheard overheard 无意中听到，偷听
overthink overthought overthought 想太多
rethink rethought rethought 重新考虑
resend resent resent 重新发送
rewind rewound rewound 倒带，倒回
kneel * knelt knelt 跪下
weep * wept wept 哭泣
wring * wrung wrung 拧，绞
bind * bound bound 绑，捆绑
bleed * bled bled 流血
breed * bred bred 饲养，繁殖
cling * clung clung 依附，紧贴
creep * crept crept 爬行，潜行
flee * fled fled 逃跑
fling * flung flung 猛扔
grind * ground ground 磨碎，研磨
uphold * upheld upheld 维护，支持
withhold * withheld withheld 扣留，保留
underpay * underpaid underpaid 支付不足，给……低薪
overpay * overpaid overpaid 多付，付得过多
prepay * prepaid prepaid 预付
outsell * outsold outsold 卖得比……多
overfeed * overfed overfed 过量喂食
relay * relaid relaid 重新铺设，转达
unbind * unbound unbound 解开，释放
unwind * unwound unwound 松开，放松
unlearn * unlearnt unlearnt 忘掉（学过的东西）

4．完全不规则动词（A-B-C 型）

三种形式都不同。

基本形式（V1） 过去式（V2） 过去分词（V3） 中文释义
be was / were been 是，存在
do did done 做，干
go went gone 去
see saw seen 看见
know knew known 知道，认识
take took taken 拿，带走，采取
give gave given 给
write wrote written 写
speak spoke spoken 说，讲话
drive drove driven 驾驶
break broke broken 打破，折断
fall fell fallen 落下，跌倒
eat ate eaten 吃
choose chose chosen 选择
draw drew drawn 画，拉
grow grew grown 生长，使生长
fly flew flown 飞
wear wore worn 穿戴
throw threw thrown 扔
show showed shown 展示，显示
begin began begun 开始
drink drank drunk 喝
swim swam swum 游泳
ring rang rung 响铃
sing sang sung 唱歌
sink sank sunk 下沉
wake woke woken 醒来，叫醒
hide hid hidden 隐藏
ride rode ridden 骑，乘坐
rise rose risen 上升
steal stole stolen 偷
tear tore torn 撕，扯
swear swore sworn 发誓，咒骂
bite bit bitten 咬
blow blew blown 吹
forget forgot forgotten 忘记
forgive forgave forgiven 原谅
freeze froze frozen 冷冻，结冰
mistake mistook mistaken 弄错
forbid forbade forbidden 禁止
shake shook shaken 摇动
shrink shrank shrunk 收缩，缩水
spring sprang sprung 跳起，弹起
withdraw withdrew withdrawn 撤回
undertake undertook undertaken 承担
overtake overtook overtaken 超过，赶上
oversee oversaw overseen 监督
foresee foresaw foreseen 预见
rewrite rewrote rewritten 重写
redo redid redone 重做
undo undid undone 撤销，解开
undergo underwent undergone 经历，接受
outgrow outgrew outgrown 长大后不再适用
overdo overdid overdone 做过头
outdo outdid outdone 超越
prove proved proven 证明
weave * wove woven 编织
partake * partook partaken 参加，参与
misdo * misdid misdone 做错
awake * awoke awoken 醒来
bear * bore borne 忍受，承载
beat * beat beaten 击打，打败
bid * bade bidden 出价，投标
forsake * forsook forsaken 抛弃，遗弃
saw * sawed sawn 锯
sew * sewed sewn 缝
shear * sheared shorn 剪（羊毛）
sow * sowed sown 播种
swell * swelled swollen 肿胀
thrive * throve thriven 茁壮成长，兴旺
tread * trod trodden 踩，踏

如何高效使用这份清单

不要试图一天背完全部 200 个动词。可以先从 A-A-A 和 A-B-B 两组开始，因为它们的变化规律更容易预测，也更容易掌握。先重点学习每一类中排名前 10–15 的动词——这些词母语者天天都在用。打好基础后，再沿着频率列表逐步往下学。

收藏这个页面，需要快速复习时随时回来看看。学习愉快！