Instrument Link
Instrumental
Means
Comitative/instrumental marker
With what means?
extended
intermediate
Relations
含义
The grammatical link that connects an action to the tool, method, channel, or means used.
如何识别
Find the connector that means with, by, through, using.
示例
单词
with|by|using|through
短语
with a key|by bus|using the app
句子
She opened the door with a key.
Visual guide
Basic shape
SHE --opened--> DOOR
↑
with a key
INSTRUMENT = tool/means
Ask: with what means?
Compare shape
Same means, many shapes: with a key (tool) by bus (method) using the app (means) through X (channel) key-INST open (case)
语言视角
在母语中
Mandarin Chinese (Simplified, standard)
显性程度
strong
重要程度
Instrument links commonly use 用 yòng or related coverb-like expressions before the main verb.
他用手机付款。
tā yòng shǒujī fùkuǎn = he use phone pay
在目标语言中
Vietnamese (standard)
显性程度
strong
学习难度
Instrument and medium use bằng, qua, thông qua, qua điện thoại and related phrases.
Chúng tôi nói chuyện qua điện thoại.
we talk through telephone
常见易错点
Learners may choose bằng for every instrument/medium relation.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.