D04
extended
Relations
Relations between participants
Instrument Link
With what means?
intermediate
Instrumental
Means
Comitative/instrumental marker
معنا
The grammatical link that connects an action to the tool, method, channel, or means used.
چطور آن را تشخیص دهید
Find the connector that means with, by, through, using.
نمونهها
واژهها
with|by|using|through
عبارتها
with a key|by bus|using the app
جمله
She opened the door with a key.
Visual guide
Basic shape
SHE --opened--> DOOR
↑
with a key
INSTRUMENT = tool/means
Ask: with what means?
Compare shape
Same means, many shapes: with a key (tool) by bus (method) using the app (means) through X (channel) key-INST open (case)
نمای زبان
در زبان مادری شما
فارسی
میزان حضور
strong
اهمیت
Means and instrument are usually marked with با or a related phrase.
با کلید در را باز کردم.
with key door RA open did-I.
در زبانی که یاد میگیرید
انگلیسی
میزان حضور
strong
دشواری
English typically marks instruments with with, by, or using.
He opened it with a key.
with a key = instrument link
چالش رایج زبانآموزان
Learners may confuse with and by, especially in passive-like contexts.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.