The speaker's attitudes and intentions
Certainty
Certainty
How sure is the speaker that this is true?
modal verb
معنا
Certainty shows how sure the speaker is that a statement is true. The speaker can present something as certain, likely, or doubtful. Languages use words, verb forms, or tone of voice for this, and some have no special certainty form. How the speaker knows concerns the source of the information, not how strongly the speaker believes it.
چطور آن را تشخیص دهید
Look for what makes a statement sound certain, likely, or doubtful, rather than simply describing what happens.