D03
extended
Relations
Relations between participants
Recipient Link
To whom does it go or for whom is it intended?
intermediate
Dative
Indirect object
Benefactive
المعنى
The grammatical link that connects an event or object to a recipient, addressee, or beneficiary.
كيفية التعرّف عليه
Look for the person who receives, hears, gets, or benefits.
أمثلة
كلمات
to me|for you|her|the customer
عبارات
give it to me|tell Anna|cook for us
جملة
I sent her a message.
Visual guide
Basic shape
EVENT + THING → RECIPIENT send + message → her "I sent her a message." Recipient gets/hears/benefits Ask: to whom? for whom?
Compare shape
Recipient shapes: Preposition: give it to me Bare object: tell Anna Dative case: Anna-DAT tell Benefactive: cook for us Same link: target person
منظور اللغة
في اللغة الأم
العربية
درجة الحضور
strong
الأهمية
Recipient links are usually expressed with لــ or attached pronouns depending on the verb.
أرسلتُ رسالةً لصديقي.
I sent a message to my friend.
في لغة التعلم
الإنجليزية
درجة الحضور
strong
الصعوبة
English uses to/for or double-object constructions to express recipients and beneficiaries.
She sent a message to me.
to me = recipient link
تحدٍّ شائع في التعلّم
Learners may confuse 'to' and 'for' or choose the wrong object order.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.