A legfontosabb kérdés:

Teljes eseményként vagy folyamatban lévő háttérként mutatjuk?

Past Simple: lezárt múltbeli esemény

I called her yesterday.
We finished the project last week.
She moved to London in 2024.
They didn’t answer.

Gyakori időhatározók:

yesterday, last week, in 2024, two days ago, when I was a child

Szabályos és rendhagyó múlt

work → worked
call → called
change → changed

Gyakori rendhagyó alakok:

go → went
see → saw
come → came
take → took
give → gave
make → made
think → thought
buy → bought

Tanuld chunkokban is:

I went home.
Hazamentem.
I saw what happened.
Láttam, mi történt.
She made a mistake.
Hibázott.
We found a solution.
Találtunk megoldást.

Kérdés és tagadás

Did you call her?
Why did they leave?
I didn’t see the message.
She didn’t tell me.

A did után az alapige áll:

Did you go?
Did you went? غير صحيح

Past Continuous: folyamat egy múltbeli pillanatban

Alapminta:

was/were + ige-ing
I was working.
They were waiting.
She was driving.

1. Háttér egy történetben

It was raining, and people were hurrying home.
The sun was shining, and the children were playing outside.

2. Egy folyamatot megszakít egy esemény

I was working when she called.
We were having dinner when the lights went out.
She was driving when she saw the accident.
I was sleeping when you sent the message.

3. Két párhuzamos folyamat

I was cooking while she was setting the table.
They were talking while we were waiting.

A when gyakran eseményt, a while folyamatot vezet be. Ez nem merev szabály, de jó kapaszkodó.

Jelentéskülönbség

I read the report last night.
Teljes esemény; valószínűleg befejeztem.
I was reading the report last night.
A folyamat a fontos; nem derül ki, befejeztem-e.
She cooked dinner.
Elkészítette.
She was cooking dinner.
Éppen készítette.

Múltbeli szokások

We visited our grandparents every summer.
I walked to school every day.

Később erre a used to szerkezetet is használjuk:

I used to walk to school.

Állapotigék múltban

I knew the answer.
She wanted to leave.
We understood the problem.
I was knowing the answer. غير صحيح

Gyakori chunkok

What happened?
Mi történt?
I didn’t know.
Nem tudtam.
I was just leaving when...
Épp indultam, amikor…
While I was waiting...
Amíg vártam…
At that moment...
Abban a pillanatban…
Something went wrong.
Valami hiba történt.
I was wondering if...
Azon gondolkodtam, hogy…

Az utolsó udvarias kérésként is gyakori:

I was wondering if you could help me.

Gyakori hibák

I was work when she called. غير صحيح
I was working when she called.
She didn’t went home. غير صحيح
She didn’t go home.
When I was arrived... غير صحيح
When I arrived...
I was knowing him. غير صحيح
I knew him.

Mini önellenőrzés

دورك الآن

Egészítsd ki:

I dinner when the phone rang.
دورك الآن

Javítsd:

Did you saw him?

A lecke legfontosabb gondolata