Participants, events and states
Roles of participants
What the sentence is about
What is the statement about?
topic
subject
Makna
The participant or idea that the sentence is mainly about, even if it is not actively doing anything.
Cara mengenalinya
Ask what the sentence is making a statement about.
Visual guide
ABOUT frame:
[This book]
↓ comment about it
[is expensive]
Topic/theme = what
statement is about
Dalam bahasa ibu Anda
Indonesia
Indonesian often uses topic-comment style without a separate topic marker.
Buku ini mahal.