The actor can be marked by 이/가 or framed with 은/는; it is often omitted when clear.

In basic English clauses, the actor is usually before the verb and can trigger subject-verb agreement.

The main event is carried by the verb stem plus endings for tense, politeness, mood, and clause type.

English events are centered on verbs, often supported by auxiliaries for tense, aspect, voice, or questions.

The affected target is commonly marked by 을/를, but the object can be omitted when understood.

English usually identifies the affected target by position after the verb, with pronoun case still visible in forms like him and her.

Korean participants are usually noun phrases or pronouns; roles are often shown by attached particles and context.

English participants are usually expressed as noun phrases or pronouns, often with articles and number marking.

States use 있다/없다, the copula 이다, or descriptive verbs rather than a single English-like 'be'.

English usually requires the verb 'be' for states, locations, existence, and many descriptions.

Identity and classification are commonly expressed with the copula 이다 and its spoken forms 이에요/예요.

English identity and classification commonly use 'be', often with an article before singular count nouns.

Korean strongly marks the sentence topic with 은/는, which is not the same as the grammatical subject.

English has topic-comment patterns, but ordinary subject-verb-object order is more common than strong topic marking.

Recipients and beneficiaries are often marked with 에게/한테/께 or benefactive verb patterns.

English marks recipients with double-object order or with prepositions such as to and for.

Internal states often use a topic experiencer plus a subject-like body part or feeling phrase.

English often puts the experiencer as the subject, but some patterns use objects or prepositional phrases.

Tools, means, and methods are commonly marked by 으로/로.

English usually expresses instruments with prepositions, especially with.

Time is often expressed with time nouns or adverbs; some time phrases take particles such as 에.

English uses time adverbs and prepositions such as at, on, in, for, and since to locate events in time.

Past, present, and future-like meanings are usually encoded in verb endings and context.

English finite verbs normally show present or past tense; future is usually expressed with auxiliaries or context.