F06
core
Information structure
Deixis
Pointing Signal
Are we pointing to this, that, here, or there?
basic
Demonstrative
Deixis
Deictic adverb
含义
A signal that locates something relative to speaker, listener, place, time, discourse, or attention.
如何识别
Look for this/that/here/there/now/then type pointing words.
示例
单词
this|that|these|those|here|there|now|then
短语
this book|that one|over here|at that time
句子
This is my favorite place.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Pointing from here/now speaker center: here, now near speaker: this away: that, there other time: then Use: this book, over here
Compare shape
Comparison shape 2-way: this = near that = away 3-way: near speaker near listener far from both Also: here/there, now/then
语言视角
用母语深入讲解
中文
显性程度
strong
重要程度
Pointing uses 这/那, 这里/那里, 这么/那么, and related forms, often together with classifiers.
那个人是谁？
nà ge rén shì shéi = that CL person is who?
在所学语言中
英语
显性程度
strong
学习难度
英语用 this/that、here/there、now/then 等词，从说话者的视角指向空间、时间、上下文或注意焦点。
This is my seat, and that is yours.
This 指靠近说话者或当前关注的座位；that 指较远或另一个人的座位。
常见易错点
学习者容易混淆 this/that 和 here/there，尤其是在距离、时间转移或指代前文内容时。
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.