Decisiones éticas cotidianas

by Vocafy Verificado

Inglés (Estados Unidos) B1 15 preguntas Noticias y blogs

Explora la honestidad, la justicia y la responsabilidad a través de situaciones cotidianas. Descubre qué significan las palabras y las decisiones de las personas.

1. 1. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Why does Maya return the extra money?

   The cashier gives Maya too much change. Maya says, "This extra money isn't mine," and gives it back.

   • She wants to buy another item.
   • She knows she received more than she should have.
   • She thinks the cashier gave her too little.
   • She wants to return something she bought.

   Notice what Maya says about the extra money.

   Show solution

   • She knows she received more than she should have.

   Receiving money by mistake does not make it yours. Maya recognizes the mistake and returns the extra amount.

2. 2. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Qué plan sigue la idea de justicia de Omar?

   Three friends have six orange slices to share. No one has eaten any yet. Omar says, "Let's give everyone the same amount."

   • One friend gets all six slices.
   • Each friend gets one slice, and Omar keeps the rest.
   • One friend gets four slices, and the others get one each.
   • Each friend gets two slices.

   Los amigos deben recibir partes iguales.

   Show solution

   • Each friend gets two slices.

   Seis rebanadas repartidas por igual entre tres personas le dan dos a cada persona. Aquí, la justicia significa cantidades iguales.

3. 3. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   What does Eva plan to do?

   Eva promised to feed her neighbor's cat tonight. Her friends invite her out. She says, "I'll join you after I've fed the cat."

   • Feed the cat before meeting her friends.
   • Feed the cat after coming home from her night out.
   • Ask her friends to feed the cat instead.
   • Leave the cat's meal until tomorrow.

   Look at the order of the two activities.

   Show solution

   • Feed the cat before meeting her friends.

   Eva makes room for both activities while putting her promise first. A responsibility does not always mean giving up other plans.

4. 4. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   What can Ryan do without going against Jess's request?

   Jess tells Ryan she is moving. "Please don't tell anyone yet," she says. "I want to tell my family first."

   • Tell one close friend immediately.
   • Post the news online with Jess's name.
   • Keep the news private for now.
   • Tell Jess's family before she does.

   Jess wants control over when her news becomes public.

   Show solution

   • Keep the news private for now.

   Jess is asking for privacy, not asking Ryan to keep the news secret forever. The words "yet" and "first" show that timing matters.

5. 5. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Which description matches the teacher's view?

   Ana presented the project, Ben designed the poster, and Clara collected the information. Their teacher says, "Ana spoke, but all three did important work."

   • Only Ana should get credit because she presented.
   • All three should get credit for their work.
   • Only Ben should get credit because the poster was visible.
   • Only Clara should get credit because she found the information.

   The teacher separates speaking from the work of the whole group.

   Show solution

   • All three should get credit for their work.

   Important work is not always the work an audience sees. Recognizing everyone's contribution gives a fuller picture of a group project.

6. 6. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Why does Kai limit the help he offers?

   A friend asks Kai for his homework answers. Kai says, "I can explain the method, but I won't give you my answers. The teacher needs to see your own work."

   • He thinks students should never discuss schoolwork.
   • He wants his friend to use his answers without understanding them.
   • He believes the teacher only cares about neat handwriting.
   • He wants the homework to show what his friend can do.

   Kai offers help with learning, but not a finished answer.

   Show solution

   • He wants the homework to show what his friend can do.

   Explaining a method can support learning without hiding who did the work. Kai makes a distinction between helping and doing the task for someone.

7. 7. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Qué se niega a hacer Nina?

   Nina ordered the wrong meal. Her friend says, "Tell them the waiter wrote it down wrong." Nina replies, "No, that would put my mistake on him."

   • Blame the waiter for a mistake she made.
   • Explain which meal she actually wanted.
   • Ask whether she can change her order.
   • Pay for the meal she ordered.

   Piensa en quién cometió el error y quién recibiría la culpa.

   Show solution

   • Blame the waiter for a mistake she made.

   Una versión falsa de lo ocurrido puede trasladar la culpa de una persona a otra. Nina rechaza ese cambio; no dice que nunca pueda pedir que le cambien la comida.

8. 8. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Why does the organizer make an exception?

   People are waiting in line for water. One person feels dizzy. The organizer lets her go first and says, "Normally we follow the line, but she needs help right now."

   • She arrived before everyone else.
   • She paid more for the water.
   • Her health problem means she needs help urgently.
   • She knows the organizer personally.

   What makes this person's situation different from the usual wait?

   Show solution

   • Her health problem means she needs help urgently.

   The organizer gives urgent need priority over arrival order. An exception can have a clear reason without removing the usual rule.

9. 9. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Which idea matches Luis's statement?

   Luis accidentally breaks a bowl he borrowed. He says, "I didn't mean to break it, but I'll pay to have it repaired."

   • Only damage caused on purpose can lead to repair costs.
   • An accident can still leave someone responsible for damage.
   • The owner is always responsible when a borrowed item breaks.
   • Offering to pay proves that the damage was caused on purpose.

   Luis separates what he intended from what happened.

   Show solution

   • An accident can still leave someone responsible for damage.

   Intentions and results are different. Luis did not plan the damage, but he still accepts responsibility for putting things right.

10. 10. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    ¿Qué dos objetivos respaldan la decisión de Priya?

    Priya's phone needs a small repair. Repairing it costs less than buying a new one. She says, "I'll repair it. I can save money and avoid throwing away a phone that can still work."

    • Spend less and get the newest model.
    • Get a new model and avoid repair work.
    • Avoid repair costs and keep the broken phone unchanged.
    • Spend less and create less waste.

    Priya menciona tanto su presupuesto como lo que se tiraría a la basura.

    Show solution

    • Spend less and create less waste.

    Una elección puede servir para lograr más de un objetivo. En esta situación, ahorrar dinero y reducir los residuos respaldan la misma acción.

11. 11. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    ¿Qué preocupación describe el capitán del equipo?

    The captain's cousin applies to join the team. The captain says, "Someone else should compare the players. I might favor my cousin without meaning to."

    • His family relationship might affect his judgment.
    • His cousin is not allowed to apply.
    • Every captain must leave when a relative applies.
    • His cousin has already been given a place.

    Al capitán le preocupa su propia decisión, no el derecho de su primo a postularse.

    Show solution

    • His family relationship might affect his judgment.

    Una relación cercana puede influir en una elección incluso sin la intención de ser injusto. Dejar que otra persona decida puede reducir ese riesgo.

12. 12. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    ¿Qué hecho usa Mia para respaldar su afirmación de que no ha mentido?

    Mia is selling a used phone with a weak battery. She has not mentioned the battery problem. She says, "The buyer didn't ask, and I haven't said anything false."

    • She told the buyer about every problem.
    • She did not know about the battery problem.
    • She did not make a false statement about the phone.
    • The buyer said the battery problem did not matter.

    Concéntrate en las palabras de Mia, no en si su comportamiento es correcto.

    Show solution

    • She did not make a false statement about the phone.

    La afirmación de Mia se refiere a no decir algo falso. Eso es diferente de compartir toda la información importante que un comprador podría necesitar.

13. 13. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    Which action follows the group's stated rule?

    A café wants to add a small charity donation to every bill. The charity group says, "Helping a good cause doesn't give anyone the right to decide how customers spend their money without asking them."

    • Add the donation only to large bills without asking.
    • Ask customers whether they want to add the donation.
    • Add the donation first and explain it after payment.
    • Add the donation without asking because the amount is small.

    The rule is about who gets to make the spending decision.

    Show solution

    • Ask customers whether they want to add the donation.

    The group separates a good purpose from permission. Under its rule, a useful donation still needs the customer's agreement.

14. 14. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    ¿Qué muestra este resultado?

    A community kitchen offers one free meal per person while food lasts. Day workers arrive first. By the time evening workers finish work and arrive, all the meals are gone.

    • The meal limit guarantees food for every worker.
    • The rule gives evening workers the first chance to eat.
    • People who arrive later are allowed extra meals.
    • People's work hours affect whether they can get a meal.

    Todos tienen el mismo límite de comidas, pero no las mismas posibilidades de llegar temprano.

    Show solution

    • People's work hours affect whether they can get a meal.

    Una regla puede tratar a los visitantes por igual una vez que llegan, pero aun así dejar fuera a algunas personas. El acceso depende tanto del momento de llegada como del límite de comidas.

15. 15. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    Which change would bring the committee closer to Sam's principle?

    Sam says, "People affected by a rule should help decide on it." A committee of shop owners plans to close the local park for private events. Shops expect more customers, but local families would lose a place to play.

    • Invite local families to take part in the discussion too.
    • Invite more shop owners from the same street.
    • Allow only shop owners to vote on the plan.
    • Tell local families about the decision after it is made.

    Which affected group is missing from the decision?

    Show solution

    • Invite local families to take part in the discussion too.

    The plan affects both businesses and families, but only businesses are represented. Helping decide is different from being told afterward.