Cómo dar retroalimentación constructiva

by Vocafy Verificado

Inglés (Estados Unidos) B2 12 preguntas People & relationships

Explora formas prácticas de dar retroalimentación específica y respetuosa, aclarar expectativas y manejar conversaciones difíciles en el trabajo.

1. 1. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Qué respuesta menciona una característica específica de la presentación y explica su beneficio?

   A coworker asks, “What worked well in my presentation that I should keep next time?”

   • The timeline made the project stages easy to follow.
   • You're clearly a natural presenter.
   • It was really good overall.
   • You seemed pleased with how it went.

   Un elogio útil le dice a alguien qué puede repetir.

   Show solution

   • The timeline made the project stages easy to follow.

   Relacionar una característica concreta con su beneficio hace que el elogio sea útil para trabajos futuros.

2. 2. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Qué frase inicial describe el problema sin juzgar el carácter del empleado?

   A supervisor is discussing two weekly updates that arrived after the agreed Monday deadline.

   • You're an unreliable person when it comes to deadlines.
   • The last two updates arrived after Monday's deadline.
   • You obviously don't care about keeping the team informed.
   • You're the kind of person who always leaves things too late.

   Concéntrate en hechos que ambas personas puedan comprobar.

   Show solution

   • The last two updates arrived after Monday's deadline.

   Una observación clara mantiene la conversación centrada en una conducta que puede cambiar, en lugar de una etiqueta personal.

3. 3. Completa el espacio en blanco.

   El informe de un compañero de trabajo incluye cifras, pero no identifica sus fuentes. Los comentarios deben abordar ese problema directamente.

   In the next draft, please ___ so readers can check where the numbers came from.

   • present each figure as an estimate
   • mention that the figures seem accurate
   • add a source beside each figure

   Los lectores necesitan una forma de rastrear la información.

   Show solution

   In the next draft, please add a source beside each figure so readers can check where the numbers came from.

   Una solicitud que se puede llevar a la práctica identifica un cambio que el autor puede realizar, no solo una deficiencia del informe.

4. 4. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Which follow-up explains the effect on the discussion without guessing the coworker's intentions?

   A meeting facilitator tells a coworker, “Three times during the planning meeting, you started speaking before Lee had finished.”

   • You wanted everyone to notice how much you knew.
   • You clearly thought Lee's proposal wasn't worth hearing.
   • You were trying to take control of the meeting.
   • Lee wasn't able to finish explaining the proposal.

   What happened to the conversation as a result?

   Show solution

   • Lee wasn't able to finish explaining the proposal.

   Explaining the effect shows why the behavior matters without claiming to know someone's motives.

5. 5. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Qué invitación permite tener una conversación en privado y en el momento adecuado sobre un asunto delicado que no es urgente?

   A manager needs to discuss an employee's handling of yesterday's client call. The employee is currently helping a customer.

   • Could we meet privately after your customer call to discuss yesterday's client conversation?
   • I'll post my concerns about your client call in the team chat now.
   • Please end that customer call so we can discuss your performance immediately.
   • Let's discuss what went wrong in front of everyone at tomorrow's team meeting.

   Considera tanto la privacidad como la responsabilidad actual del empleado.

   Show solution

   • Could we meet privately after your customer call to discuss yesterday's client conversation?

   Una conversación en privado reduce la vergüenza, y un momento adecuado les da a ambas personas espacio para concentrarse.

6. 6. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Which question invites the employee to explain the situation before the manager suggests a solution?

   A manager does not yet know what caused a delay and says, “The draft wasn't ready on Friday as agreed.”

   • Why didn't you take the deadline seriously?
   • What got in the way of having it ready by Friday?
   • Can you admit that you planned your time badly?
   • Will you promise that every future draft will arrive on time?

   Leave room for an explanation you have not considered.

   Show solution

   • What got in the way of having it ready by Friday?

   An open question can reveal obstacles that an assumption or accusation would miss.

7. 7. Completa los espacios en blanco.

   You are reviewing a colleague's report. Adding a summary is optional, but correcting the total is required before publication.

   You ___ add a summary if you think it would help, but you ___ correct the total before we publish.

   • could
   • must
   • must not
   • cannot

   The two changes have different levels of necessity.

   Show solution

   You could add a summary if you think it would help, but you must correct the total before we publish.

   “Could” presents a possibility, while “must” makes a requirement clear. Politeness should not hide what is necessary.

8. 8. Ordena las palabras.

   Estás planteando una preocupación a tu gerente, teniendo en cuenta que puede haber información que no conoces.

   • to meet.
   • missing some context,
   • but this deadline
   • seems difficult
   • I may be

   Reconoce la incertidumbre antes de expresar la preocupación.

   Show solution

   I may be missing some context, but this deadline seems difficult to meet.

   Este inicio deja margen para la posibilidad de que falte información sin ocultar la preocupación por la fecha límite.

9. 9. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Qué respuesta pide un ejemplo concreto que ayudaría al empleado a mejorar?

   Manager: “Your emails to clients need a more professional tone.”

   • Should I make all my emails longer?
   • So you want me to stop emailing clients?
   • Could you point to a sentence and show me how you'd phrase it?
   • Does that mean my work is poor overall?

   Una descripción general resulta más útil cuando se relaciona con las palabras que se usaron.

   Show solution

   • Could you point to a sentence and show me how you'd phrase it?

   Pedir un ejemplo convierte un criterio vago en algo que el empleado puede entender y aplicar.

10. 10. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    Which reply acknowledges the coworker's intention while still addressing the effect of the interruption?

    You: “When you interrupted the discussion, two people didn't get to explain their concerns.”
    Coworker: “I was only trying to help us reach a decision faster.”

    • If you were trying to help, then there's no problem to discuss.
    • I understand you wanted to save time. Still, we didn't get to hear their concerns. Next time, could you let them finish before suggesting a decision?
    • Your intention doesn't matter, so there's no reason to explain it.
    • They should have spoken more quickly if they wanted us to hear their concerns.

    A helpful intention and an unwanted effect can both be real.

    Show solution

    • I understand you wanted to save time. Still, we didn't get to hear their concerns. Next time, could you let them finish before suggesting a decision?

    Acknowledging someone's intention does not require dismissing the effect. You can recognize both and propose a change.

11. 11. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    What has the coworker actually confirmed?

    Manager: “Could you send the revised draft by three? We need time to review it before the client meeting.”
    Coworker: “I understand why you need it by then, but I'm not sure I can finish the revisions by three.”

    • The coworker has agreed to deliver the draft by three.
    • The coworker believes the review before the client meeting is unnecessary.
    • The coworker refuses to make any revisions.
    • The coworker understands the reason but has not committed to the deadline.

    Understanding a request is not the same as agreeing to carry it out.

    Show solution

    • The coworker understands the reason but has not committed to the deadline.

    Before treating a plan as agreed, check that the person has explicitly accepted the action and deadline.

12. 12. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    Which reply acknowledges the employee's part in the problem and asks the manager to resolve conflicting priorities?

    Manager: “You missed one of yesterday's deadlines.”
    The manager had assigned two tasks due that afternoon. Each needed the full afternoon to complete, and the employee had not raised the conflict.

    • I should have raised the conflict sooner. Both tasks needed the full afternoon. If that happens again, which should take priority?
    • You're right. I promise I'll finish both by the deadline next time, even if each one takes the whole afternoon.
    • The deadlines conflicted, so there was no point telling you that I couldn't meet both.
    • I completed the task I preferred, so I don't think the other deadline should count.

    Take responsibility for communication without pretending the workload was possible.

    Show solution

    • I should have raised the conflict sooner. Both tasks needed the full afternoon. If that happens again, which should take priority?

    A balanced reply takes responsibility for not speaking up sooner, explains the constraint, and asks how to prioritize next time.