Vivir en una ciudad global
Explora cómo los idiomas, el transporte y los desafíos urbanos dan forma a la vida cotidiana en una ciudad global.
Preview
Questions with solutions-
1. Elige la respuesta correcta.
Which service can avoid delays caused by street traffic?
During rush hour, a traveler can reach the city center by bus, taxi, or a subway that runs entirely underground. The roads are crowded with cars.
- The bus
- The subway
- The taxi
Think about where each service travels.
Show solution
- The subway
Subways run separately from street traffic. They can still experience delays, but a traffic jam above ground does not block their tracks.
-
2. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Por qué son útiles los símbolos conocidos aquí?
At an international airport, signs use a suitcase symbol for baggage claim and an airplane symbol for departures.
- They explain each airline's exact baggage rules.
- They automatically announce changes to flight times.
- They help travelers who cannot read the local language.
Piensa en lo que una imagen puede comunicar sin palabras.
Show solution
- They help travelers who cannot read the local language.
Los símbolos conocidos pueden reducir las barreras lingüísticas. Combinar símbolos con información escrita clara hace que los letreros sean útiles para más viajeros.
-
3. Completa el espacio en blanco.
A city's new ticket includes a bus ride and a subway transfer within the allowed time. Passengers therefore pay ___ for the whole trip.
- one fare
- a separate fare for each service
- no fare
Both parts of the trip are included in the same ticket.
Show solution
A city's new ticket includes a bus ride and a subway transfer within the allowed time. Passengers therefore pay one fare for the whole trip.
Because the ticket covers both the bus ride and the subway transfer, passengers pay one fare instead of paying separately for each service. Integrated tickets can especially help residents whose neighborhoods have no direct connection to their destination.
-
4. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué nos indica el estatus oficial de estas lenguas?
Singapore, a city-state in Southeast Asia, has four official languages: English, Malay, Mandarin, and Tamil.
- Every resident speaks all four fluently.
- They have formal recognition in the country's public life.
- They are the only languages spoken in people's homes.
El estatus oficial se refiere a las instituciones, no a las habilidades de cada persona.
Show solution
- They have formal recognition in the country's public life.
Una lengua oficial no es necesariamente la primera lengua de todas las personas. El reconocimiento público y las habilidades lingüísticas individuales son cosas distintas.
-
5. Completa el espacio en blanco.
Enfriamiento de las calles de la ciudad
On hot days, trees provide shade and release water vapor. These processes help reduce urban ___.
- flooding
- air pollution
- heat
Concéntrate en el efecto de la sombra y la evaporación del agua sobre la temperatura.
Show solution
On hot days, trees provide shade and release water vapor. These processes help reduce urban heat.
Los edificios y las superficies pavimentadas almacenan calor. Los árboles pueden ayudar a refrescar los lugares donde las personas caminan, esperan y se reúnen.
-
6. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué papel desempeña el árabe en esta familia?
Leila uses English at work but speaks Arabic with her children so they can talk with their grandparents, who speak only Arabic.
- It supports communication across generations.
- It replaces English in Leila's workplace.
- It is mainly used for conversations with coworkers.
Considera con quién podrán hablar los niños.
Show solution
- It supports communication across generations.
Los niños pueden desarrollar sus habilidades en una lengua familiar al mismo tiempo que en la lengua que usan en la escuela. El multilingüismo puede favorecer tanto los vínculos familiares como una participación más amplia.
-
7. Elige la respuesta correcta.
What is missing for passengers who cannot use stairs?
A subway station has an elevator from the street to the concourse. However, every route from the concourse to the platforms includes stairs.
- More signs showing where the existing stairs are
- A complete route to the platforms without stairs
- Another elevator that ends at the concourse
Consider the whole trip, not just entry into the building.
Show solution
- A complete route to the platforms without stairs
Accessibility depends on a continuous route. One inaccessible section can prevent someone from completing an otherwise accessible trip.
-
8. Elige la respuesta correcta.
What would help more drivers switch to another form of transportation?
A city charges drivers to enter its busiest district to reduce car traffic. However, few reliable bus or train services connect surrounding neighborhoods to the district.
- More parking spaces inside the district
- Lower parking prices inside the district
- Better public transportation to the district
People need a practical alternative to the trip they currently make.
Show solution
- Better public transportation to the district
Congestion fees work better when people have realistic alternatives to driving. Cost alone does not create a usable bus or train connection.
-
9. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Cómo puede la ciudad expresar la misma advertencia con mayor claridad?
A city plans to translate this emergency notice into several languages: “Residents should refrain from entering areas affected by flooding.”
- Stay away from flooded areas.
- Leave the city until the rain stops.
- Avoid all outdoor travel this week.
Mantén la misma acción y la misma zona, sin agregar nuevas restricciones.
Show solution
- Stay away from flooded areas.
El lenguaje sencillo importa tanto como la traducción. Una redacción clara y directa ayuda a las personas a entender qué hacer en una emergencia.
-
10. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué desafío urbano pone de manifiesto esta situación?
A new rail station makes a neighborhood easier to reach. More people want to live there, rents rise, and some longtime tenants can no longer afford to stay.
- Better transportation reduces demand for nearby housing.
- Better transportation can make a neighborhood less affordable.
- Better transportation necessarily makes every household wealthier.
Considera cómo el aumento de la demanda afecta a los residentes que viven en viviendas alquiladas.
Show solution
- Better transportation can make a neighborhood less affordable.
Las políticas de vivienda asequible pueden ayudar a que los residentes actuales se beneficien de la inversión pública sin verse obligados a mudarse a otro lugar.
-
11. Elige la respuesta correcta.
Which change addresses both cycling safety and delivery access?
A city removes parking spaces to create a protected bike lane. Cyclists gain a safer route, but nearby shop owners worry that delivery vehicles will have nowhere to stop.
- Restore all the parking spaces and remove the protected bike lane.
- Keep the bike lane and prohibit deliveries to the shops.
- Keep the bike lane and provide designated loading zones nearby.
Look for a solution that preserves both activities.
Show solution
- Keep the bike lane and provide designated loading zones nearby.
Loading zones can operate during set delivery hours. Careful street design can balance different needs rather than treating them as an either-or choice.
-
12. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué respuesta reduciría el problema de los residuos en lugar de trasladarlo a otro lugar?
A city reports cleaner streets after sending more waste to a landfill outside its boundaries. The total amount of waste it produces has not fallen.
- Prevent unnecessary waste and recover materials for reuse.
- Send the same amount of waste to a more distant landfill.
- Count only the waste that remains inside the city.
Considera qué ocurre con los residuos después de que salen de la ciudad.
Show solution
- Prevent unnecessary waste and recover materials for reuse.
El impacto ambiental de una ciudad se extiende más allá de sus límites. La prevención de residuos aborda el origen del problema en lugar de trasladar la carga a otro lugar.