She Appears to Have Left
Explora cómo seem y appear relacionan los indicios actuales con acciones anteriores en actualizaciones ficticias, desde deducciones sencillas hasta distinciones sutiles.
Preview
Questions with solutions-
1. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Cuándo es más probable que Mara se haya ido?
Mara appears to have left. Her coat is gone, and her desk is empty.
- Before the speaker gives this update.
- At the exact moment the speaker gives this update.
- After the speaker gives this update.
Compara el momento de la salida con el de la actualización.
Show solution
- Before the speaker gives this update.
El infinitivo perfecto, "to have left", sitúa la salida antes de la evaluación actual.
-
2. Completa el espacio en blanco.
The cabinet door is lying on a workbench, and its hinges are bare. The door appears ___ during last night's repairs.
- to have removed
- to have been removed
- to be removing
¿La puerta realizó la acción o alguien actuó sobre ella?
Show solution
The cabinet door is lying on a workbench, and its hinges are bare. The door appears to have been removed during last night's repairs.
"To have been removed" es un infinitivo perfecto pasivo: la puerta recibió una acción que ocurrió antes.
-
3. Completa el espacio en blanco.
The edit log shows repeated changes from midnight until dawn. The editor has now gone home. She seems ___ steadily on the draft throughout the night.
- to be working
- to have been worked
- to have been working
La actualización hace referencia a un período prolongado de actividad pasada.
Show solution
The edit log shows repeated changes from midnight until dawn. The editor has now gone home. She seems to have been working steadily on the draft throughout the night.
"To have been working" destaca la continuidad de una actividad durante un período anterior, en lugar de una sola acción ya terminada.
-
4. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué paráfrasis conserva tanto la conclusión probable como el tono cauteloso?
Rosa doesn't seem to have signed the waiver.
- It is certain that Rosa has not signed the waiver.
- It seems that Rosa has not signed the waiver.
- It seems that Rosa has signed the waiver.
Mantén la valoración negativa sin convertirla en certeza.
Show solution
- It seems that Rosa has not signed the waiver.
"Doesn't seem to have signed" normalmente expresa una conclusión tentativa de que no se ha firmado.
-
5. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué formulación es adecuada para una actualización formal que presenta la entrada anterior de Jules como una inferencia y no como un hecho verificado?
A broken seal and a fresh access mark are the only evidence. Nobody saw Jules enter the records room.
- Jules is known to have entered the records room.
- Jules is expected to enter the records room.
- Jules appears to have entered the records room.
Ajusta la contundencia de la formulación a la solidez de la evidencia.
Show solution
- Jules appears to have entered the records room.
"Appears to have entered" indica una deducción. "Is known to have entered" presenta la entrada como un hecho establecido, mientras que "is expected to enter" se refiere al futuro.
-
6. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Cómo pueden ser ciertas ambas partes de esta actualización?
The meeting room seems to have been empty at midnight, although it is occupied now.
- The earlier emptiness need not continue into the present.
- The room must be empty now; "occupied" describes a future booking.
- The earlier emptiness is certain; only the current occupancy is inferred.
Distingue entre un estado anterior y el estado actual de la habitación.
Show solution
- The earlier emptiness need not continue into the present.
Un infinitivo perfecto puede describir un estado anterior que ya terminó. No requiere que ese estado siga siendo cierto ahora.
-
7. Completa el espacio en blanco.
The archived sketches show an abandoned proposal, and the finished building has no balcony. The architects appear ___ a balcony during the original design phase.
- to have managed to add
- to have planned to add
- to be planning to add
Una intención previa no es lo mismo que un resultado ya logrado.
Show solution
The archived sketches show an abandoned proposal, and the finished building has no balcony. The architects appear to have planned to add a balcony during the original design phase.
"To have planned" sitúa la planificación en el pasado. La expresión "to add" que sigue describe la acción prevista, no algo que necesariamente haya ocurrido.
-
8. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué actualización informa con cautela sobre intentos anteriores sin dar a entender que alguno de los dos tuvo éxito?
The security log contains two separate failed access requests from last night. Neither opened the safe.
- The safe appears to have been opened after two separate attempts.
- There appear to be two separate attempts to open the safe underway now.
- There appear to have been two separate attempts to open the safe.
Un intento tiene un objetivo, pero alcanzar ese objetivo es un asunto aparte.
Show solution
- There appear to have been two separate attempts to open the safe.
"There appear to have been" informa con cautela que los intentos ocurrieron. "To open the safe" indica su propósito, no su resultado.
-
9. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué interpretación mantiene la incertidumbre vinculada al acto de hacer una afirmación?
The analyst seems to have claimed that the figures were adjusted.
- The analyst probably made that claim; the sentence does not establish whether the figures were adjusted.
- The figures were probably adjusted; the sentence establishes that the analyst made the claim.
- The analyst probably adjusted the figures; whether the analyst made a claim remains uncertain.
Distingue entre lo que alguien aparentemente dijo y la veracidad de su contenido.
Show solution
- The analyst probably made that claim; the sentence does not establish whether the figures were adjusted.
"Seems to have claimed" matiza el acto de afirmar. Informar sobre una afirmación no establece que esa afirmación sea verdadera.
-
10. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué sugiere esta formulación sobre el papel de Ada?
The file is missing, and an automatic cleanup setting was enabled. Ada appears not to have deleted the file deliberately.
- She apparently did not delete it at all; accidental deletion is also ruled out.
- She apparently did not delete it intentionally; accidental deletion remains possible.
- She apparently intended to delete it; only the actual deletion is doubtful.
Considera qué aporta "deliberately" a la acción que se está negando.
Show solution
- She apparently did not delete it intentionally; accidental deletion remains possible.
La negación se refiere a la eliminación deliberada, por lo que la oración no excluye la posibilidad de que Ada haya eliminado el archivo por accidente.