Los viajes más extraordinarios del mundo

by Vocafy Verificado

Inglés (Estados Unidos) B2 12 preguntas Viajes

Descubre impresionantes ferrocarriles, rutas marítimas y expediciones, y los desafíos que les dieron forma.

1. 1. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Qué tipo de viaje permite realizar este ferrocarril?

   The Trans-Siberian Railway links Moscow, in western Russia, with Vladivostok, on the Pacific coast.

   • An eastward journey across much of Russia.
   • A southward journey from Moscow to the Indian Ocean.
   • A westward journey from Moscow to the Atlantic coast.

   Piensa en la ubicación del océano Pacífico.

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   • An eastward journey across much of Russia.

   Rusia se extiende por Europa y Asia, por lo que este ferrocarril conecta lugares de dos continentes.

2. 2. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Dónde están los pasajeros durante el tramo submarino?

   Trains between Britain and France travel through the Channel Tunnel. The tunnel was dug into rock beneath the seabed.

   • Inside a tube floating just below the water's surface.
   • Below both the seawater and the seabed.
   • Inside a tube resting directly on the seabed.

   Presta atención a la diferencia entre "on" y "beneath."

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   • Below both the seawater and the seabed.

   El cruce tiene dos túneles ferroviarios y un túnel de servicio independiente, todos debajo del lecho marino.

3. 3. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Which two oceans does this route connect?

   In Panama, in Central America, ships can cross from the Caribbean Sea to the ocean on the western side of the Americas without sailing around South America.

   • The Atlantic and Indian Oceans.
   • The Pacific and Indian Oceans.
   • The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

   The Caribbean belongs to a larger ocean.

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   • The Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.

   The Caribbean Sea is part of the Atlantic. Canal locks raise ships to an inland lake and lower them again.

4. 4. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Por qué estos viajes son más que paseos turísticos?

   Norway's long-established coastal shipping routes have carried passengers, freight, and mail. They link communities along a coastline shaped by fjords and islands.

   • They connect communities and carry everyday supplies.
   • They serve tourists but have no role in transporting goods.
   • They connect inland cities while avoiding coastal communities.

   Observa qué transportan las embarcaciones además de viajeros.

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   • They connect communities and carry everyday supplies.

   Los fiordos profundos pueden hacer que los viajes por tierra requieran rodeos, por lo que el transporte marítimo costero ha desempeñado un papel importante en la vida local.

5. 5. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Qué le ayuda a hacer el bucle al tren?

   On the Bernina Railway between Switzerland and Italy, trains follow a circular viaduct at Brusio. The track gains height around the loop rather than rising sharply along a short, straight line.

   • Reverse direction and return toward the starting station.
   • Climb gradually within a limited area.
   • Cross the area without changing height.

   Compara una subida corta y empinada con otra más larga y menos empinada.

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   • Climb gradually within a limited area.

   Alargar la vía reduce su pendiente, lo que ayuda a los trenes a subir sin que haya un tramo excesivamente empinado.

6. 6. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Cómo podía llegar la seda a mercados lejanos?

   The Silk Roads formed a network linking regions of Asia and Europe. Goods often passed between several traders, rather than traveling the entire distance with one merchant.

   • Only through one merchant completing the whole journey.
   • Along one continuous road controlled by a single empire.
   • Through a chain of exchanges between traders.

   Las mercancías podían viajar más lejos que cualquier comerciante por sí solo.

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   • Through a chain of exchanges between traders.

   Las ciudades a lo largo de estas rutas se convirtieron en puntos de encuentro donde las ideas y las tecnologías viajaban junto con mercancías valiosas.

7. 7. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Which route would meet the caravan's essential need?

   Trans-Saharan caravans carried goods such as salt and gold across the desert. Because the crossing was too long for them to carry all the water they needed, people and pack animals depended on reliable places to replenish their supplies.

   • A longer route linking dependable wells and oases.
   • A shorter route with no water sources anywhere along it.
   • A cooler route with shade but no drinking water.

   Saving distance or avoiding heat cannot replace a vital supply.

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   • A longer route linking dependable wells and oases.

   Oases were more than water stops: some also developed into important centers of trade.

8. 8. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   Why is cooling the ground important for this railway?

   The Qinghai–Tibet Railway crosses areas where the ground remains frozen beneath the surface. Some sections use cooling systems to help keep that ground frozen when the air becomes warmer.

   • Frozen ground would stop the train's wheels from turning.
   • Thawing ground could shift and make the track unstable.
   • The ground must melt before it can support the track.

   Think about what supports the track from below.

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   • Thawing ground could shift and make the track unstable.

   This frozen ground is called permafrost. When ice within it melts, the soil can settle unevenly.

9. 9. Elige la respuesta correcta.

   ¿Cómo podría el oleaje de mar de fondo ayudar a orientar una travesía?

   Polynesian navigators crossed vast areas of the Pacific without modern navigation equipment. They used knowledge of stars, ocean swells, and other natural signs to guide their canoes.

   • They revealed the exact distance already traveled.
   • They showed the exact depth directly beneath the canoe.
   • Their direction helped navigators maintain a course.

   Piensa en la dirección, más que en una medición exacta.

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   • Their direction helped navigators maintain a course.

   Los navegantes experimentados combinaban varias señales naturales; no dependían de una sola pista durante toda una travesía.

10. 10. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    ¿Cuál fue el propósito del viaje en el bote pequeño?

    After the Endurance was crushed by Antarctic ice, its crew eventually reached Elephant Island. Ernest Shackleton and five companions then sailed a small boat to South Georgia to seek help, leaving the others behind.

    • To obtain help and arrange a rescue for the waiting crew.
    • To complete the expedition's original crossing of Antarctica.
    • To recover the Endurance and sail it back to Elephant Island.

    Distingue entre la ambición original de la expedición y su necesidad urgente.

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    • To obtain help and arrange a rescue for the waiting crew.

    Aunque la expedición perdió su barco, todos los miembros de la tripulación del Endurance fueron rescatados finalmente.

11. 11. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    ¿Cómo se describe mejor este logro?

    An expedition left Spain under Ferdinand Magellan and sailed west. After Magellan died in the Philippines, Juan Sebastián Elcano led the surviving ship onward across the Indian Ocean and back to Spain.

    • Magellan personally returned to Spain after circling the globe.
    • An expedition completed a global journey under more than one leader.
    • Elcano led the expedition from its original departure to its return.

    Distingue el logro de la expedición del viaje de una sola persona.

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    • An expedition completed a global journey under more than one leader.

    Esta expedición completó el primer viaje marítimo registrado alrededor de la Tierra, un viaje llamado circunnavegación.

12. 12. Elige la respuesta correcta.

    ¿Cuál es la principal contrapartida de esta ruta?

    The Northwest Passage connects the Atlantic and Pacific through Arctic waters north of mainland Canada. It can shorten some voyages, but sea ice, narrow channels, and severe weather have made navigation difficult.

    • A longer voyage in exchange for consistently ice-free water.
    • Easier navigation in exchange for a route that never reaches the Pacific.
    • A potentially shorter voyage in exchange for challenging sailing conditions.

    Una línea más corta en un mapa no garantiza un viaje más fácil.

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    • A potentially shorter voyage in exchange for challenging sailing conditions.

    El hielo marino puede bloquear canales estrechos incluso cuando las zonas cercanas del océano son navegables.