¿Por qué a la gente le encanta la competencia?
Explora qué hace que la competencia sea emocionante, cómo une a las personas y cuándo el deseo de ganar puede causar problemas.
Preview
Questions with solutions-
1. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Por qué Ben disfruta esta competencia?
Ben plays board games with friends. There are no prizes, but everyone laughs and enjoys trying to win.
- It helps him earn money.
- It gives him a chance to have fun with friends.
- It helps him prepare for a professional contest.
Fíjate en lo que disfrutan los amigos durante el juego.
Show solution
- It gives him a chance to have fun with friends.
La competencia puede resultar gratificante incluso cuando nadie recibe un premio.
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2. Completa el espacio en blanco.
A running race offers a gift card to the winner. Leo enters mainly because he wants that gift card. His main reason for competing is the ___.
- prize
- exercise
- company
Piensa en lo que Leo espera recibir.
Show solution
A running race offers a gift card to the winner. Leo enters mainly because he wants that gift card. His main reason for competing is the prize.
Un premio es una recompensa que proviene de fuera de la actividad, a diferencia del placer de correr en sí.
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3. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué se consideraría un éxito para Rosa?
Rosa wants to finish her next race faster than her last one. She does not care how many runners finish before her.
- Finishing ahead of every other runner.
- Running at exactly her usual speed.
- Beating her own previous time.
¿Con quién se está comparando Rosa?
Show solution
- Beating her own previous time.
Competir contra tu propio desempeño anterior te permite medir tu progreso sin tener que superar a nadie más.
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4. Completa el espacio en blanco.
The school publishes the writing contest winner's name. Max hopes his classmates will admire his achievement. For him, the main reward is ___.
- private advice
- public praise
- a cash payment
Max quiere que otras personas noten su éxito.
Show solution
The school publishes the writing contest winner's name. Max hopes his classmates will admire his achievement. For him, the main reward is public praise.
El reconocimiento de los demás puede motivar a las personas incluso cuando un concurso no ofrece dinero.
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5. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Por qué es importante esta regla?
At a puzzle contest, every player receives the same puzzle and the same amount of time.
- It gives players an equal chance to show their skill.
- It makes every player finish together.
- It allows less experienced players extra time.
Piensa si alguien recibe alguna ventaja especial.
Show solution
- It gives players an equal chance to show their skill.
La igualdad de condiciones ayuda a que el resultado dependa del desempeño y no de un trato especial.
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6. Completa el espacio en blanco.
The score is tied just before the end of the game. Both teams still have a chance to win. Fans feel excited because the result is ___.
- final
- already settled
- uncertain
Do the fans know who will win yet?
Show solution
The score is tied just before the end of the game. Both teams still have a chance to win. Fans feel excited because the result is uncertain.
Not knowing what will happen can keep people interested until the final moment.
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7. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Cómo ayuda a Jordan el hecho de perder?
After a chess match, Jordan studies the move that led to his defeat. He practices how to handle a similar situation next time.
- It proves that practice is unnecessary.
- It shows him a specific skill to improve.
- It guarantees that he will win his next match.
Concéntrate en lo que Jordan aprende del partido.
Show solution
- It shows him a specific skill to improve.
Una derrota puede aportar información útil, pero mejorar sigue requiriendo práctica.
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8. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Cómo afecta la competencia a estos compañeros de equipo?
A team enters a quiz contest. One member knows history, another knows science, and another knows music. They share ideas before giving their answers.
- They cooperate to compete against other teams.
- They avoid using each other's knowledge.
- They compete for separate prizes within the team.
Piensa en quiénes son sus oponentes.
Show solution
- They cooperate to compete against other teams.
La competencia entre grupos puede fomentar la cooperación dentro de cada grupo.
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9. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué hace que ver el partido sea significativo para Elena?
Elena cheers for her city's team. She has never met the players, but she feels connected to the other local fans.
- A chance to improve her own playing skills.
- A chance to receive part of the team's prize.
- A feeling of belonging to a group.
Observa su conexión con los demás aficionados.
Show solution
- A feeling of belonging to a group.
Apoyar a un equipo puede darles a las personas una identidad compartida, incluso cuando no están jugando.
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10. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Por qué Sam de repente siente que tiene menos éxito?
Sam is pleased after reading three books this month. Then he learns that his friend read five. His own reading has not changed, but now he feels behind.
- He has forgotten which books he finished.
- He is judging his progress against someone else's.
- He has received a lower score from his teacher.
¿Qué información nueva cambia los sentimientos de Sam?
Show solution
- He is judging his progress against someone else's.
Compararnos con otras personas puede cambiar cómo nos sentimos con respecto al mismo logro.
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11. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Por qué Ana participa en esta competencia?
A training program has more applicants than available places. Ana needs the training for her career, although she would prefer not to compete.
- She enjoys proving that other applicants are weaker.
- She wants the excitement of an uncertain result.
- She wants access to an opportunity with limited places.
Distingue entre lo que Ana necesita y lo que disfruta.
Show solution
- She wants access to an opportunity with limited places.
A veces las personas compiten porque una oportunidad es limitada, no porque disfruten competir.
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12. Elige la respuesta correcta.
How has Nora's motivation changed?
Nora used to enter drawing contests just for fun. Later, she entered only contests with cash prizes. When the contests stopped offering prizes, she stopped drawing.
- She has become more dependent on rewards.
- She now draws mainly for personal enjoyment.
- She now values practice more than contest results.
What keeps Nora interested near the end of the story?
Show solution
- She has become more dependent on rewards.
Rewards can sometimes shift attention away from enjoying an activity and toward what it pays.
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13. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Qué peligro genera la actitud de Alex?
Before a contest, Alex says, "Winning matters more than following the rules."
- He may value honest effort more than the result.
- He may break the rules to get a better result.
- He may stop caring whether he wins or loses.
¿Qué está dispuesto Alex a considerar menos importante?
Show solution
- He may break the rules to get a better result.
Cuando ganar se convierte en el único objetivo, el juego limpio puede parecer menos importante. Eso puede dañar la confianza entre los competidores.
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14. Elige la respuesta correcta.
¿Por qué el plan de Mei podría perjudicar su rendimiento?
After a close defeat, Mei decides to train hard every day without any rest days. She believes that more training must always mean better results.
- Rest days prevent athletes from making progress.
- A close defeat means further training cannot help.
- Her body needs time to recover from hard training.
Piensa en lo que sucede entre las sesiones de entrenamiento.
Show solution
- Her body needs time to recover from hard training.
La recuperación es parte del entrenamiento. Un fuerte deseo de ganar puede ser perjudicial si lleva a las personas a ignorar el descanso.
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15. Elige la respuesta correcta.
Why might the player make the risky move?
In a game, a safe move guarantees second place. A risky move could lead to first place or last place. Only the winner receives a prize.
- It is the only move that gives the player a chance to win the prize.
- It guarantees a better finishing position.
- It protects the player's current second-place position.
Compare what each move can achieve under the prize rule.
Show solution
- It is the only move that gives the player a chance to win the prize.
A prize for first place only can make a risky choice attractive, even when a safer choice guarantees a good finish.