A01
core
Scene core
Participants
Thing / Participant
Who or what are we talking about?
basic
Noun
Noun phrase
Pronoun
Znaczenie
Any person, object, animal, place, idea, event, or phenomenon that can take part in a thought.
Jak to rozpoznać
Find the named or replaced things in a sentence.
Przykłady
Słowa
boy|apple|dog|city|idea|he|this
Zwroty
the red apple|an old house|this book
Zdanie
The boy sees the dog.
Visual guide
Basic shape
THING / PARTICIPANT = who/what in the scene [The boy] sees [the dog]. person animal Can be: boy, apple, city, idea, he, this
Compare shape
[dog] = participant Languages may mark it: article: the dog / dog number: dog / dogs gender/classifier: forms vary case: dog-SUBJ / dog-OBJ word order: place shows role
Widok językowy
W języku ojczystym
Polski
Występowanie
strong
Znaczenie
Polish noun phrases carry gender, number and case; there are no articles.
Widzę dużego psa.
I-see big dog.
W języku nauki
Angielski
Występowanie
strong
Trudność
English participants are usually expressed as noun phrases or pronouns, often with articles and number marking.
The small dog is sleeping.
the small dog = the participant
Typowa trudność uczących się
Learners may omit articles before singular count nouns or overuse pronouns without clear reference.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.