Target / Affected One
Who or what is affected by the event?
अर्थ
The participant that receives the action, changes, is moved, is created, is consumed, or is otherwise affected.
इसे कैसे पहचानें
Ask what the action hits, changes, moves, creates, or concerns.
उदाहरण
apple|door|letter|problem|him|Mary
eat an apple|open the door|solve the problem
The girl opened the door.
Visual guide
TARGET / AFFECTED ONE what is affected? Actor -> event -> [Target] girl -> opened -> [door] eat -> [apple] solve -> [problem] = affected/changed thing
Target clues may differ order: girl opened [door] case: [door-ACC] marker: OBJ-[door] clitic: opened-[it] agreement: verb -> door context: door understood role = affected one
भाषा व्यू
अपनी मातृभाषा में
Targets normally appear before the verb; animate or specific targets are often marked with को.
सीता ने बच्चे को बुलाया।
Sita called the child.
आपकी सीखी जा रही भाषा में
अंग्रेज़ी में जिस व्यक्ति या चीज़ पर असर पड़ता है, वह आम तौर पर verb के बाद आती है। pronoun में यह फर्क अभी भी दिखता है, जैसे he के बजाय him और she के बजाय her।
The dog bit the man.
the man = प्रभावित target
सीखने वाले शब्द क्रम बदलकर actor और target को उलट सकते हैं, या ऐसे verbs के बाद अनावश्यक preposition लगा सकते हैं जिन्हें सीधे object चाहिए।
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.