D03
extended
Relations
Relations between participants
Recipient Link
To whom does it go or for whom is it intended?
intermediate
Dative
Indirect object
Benefactive
ਅਰਥ
The grammatical link that connects an event or object to a recipient, addressee, or beneficiary.
ਇਸ ਨੂੰ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਪਛਾਣਣਾ ਹੈ
Look for the person who receives, hears, gets, or benefits.
ਉਦਾਹਰਨਾਂ
ਸ਼ਬਦ
to me|for you|her|the customer
ਵਾਕਾਂਸ਼
give it to me|tell Anna|cook for us
ਵਾਕ
I sent her a message.
Visual guide
Basic shape
EVENT + THING → RECIPIENT send + message → her "I sent her a message." Recipient gets/hears/benefits Ask: to whom? for whom?
Compare shape
Recipient shapes: Preposition: give it to me Bare object: tell Anna Dative case: Anna-DAT tell Benefactive: cook for us Same link: target person
ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਝਲਕ
ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਮੂਲ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ)
ਮੌਜੂਦਗੀ
strong
ਮਹੱਤਤਾ
Recipient links commonly use ਨੂੰ; beneficiary meanings often use ਲਈ.
ਮੈਂ ਬੱਚੇ ਨੂੰ ਖਿਡੌਣਾ ਦਿੱਤਾ।
I gave the child a toy.
ਤੁਹਾਡੀ ਸਿੱਖੀ ਜਾ ਰਹੀ ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿੱਚ
ਅੰਗਰੇਜ਼ੀ
ਮੌਜੂਦਗੀ
strong
ਮੁਸ਼ਕਲਤਾ
English uses to/for or double-object constructions to express recipients and beneficiaries.
She sent a message to me.
to me = recipient link
ਸਿੱਖਣ ਵਾਲਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਆਮ ਸਮੱਸਿਆ
Learners may confuse 'to' and 'for' or choose the wrong object order.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.