E05
extended
Speaker stance
Modality
Permission Aura
Is it allowed?
intermediate
Permission modal
Deontic modality
Znaczenie
A modal layer expressing permission, prohibition, allowance, entitlement, or social/legal approval.
Jak to rozpoznać
Ask whether someone is allowed or not allowed to do something.
Przykłady
Słowa
may|allowed|can|let
Zwroty
may enter|allowed to leave|let me know
Zdanie
You may use my phone.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Permission gate:
[person] → | gate | → [event]
open = may/can
shut = not allowed
You may use my phone.
Compare shape
Permission vs ability: can enter = allowed? can enter = able? Some languages share CAN others separate: allowed / able Ask: is it permitted?
Widok językowy
W języku ojczystym
Polski
Występowanie
strong
Znaczenie
Permission and prohibition often use móc, wolno, można and nie wolno.
Możesz tu wejść.
You-can here enter.
W języku nauki
Angielski
Występowanie
strong
Trudność
English expresses permission with may, can, be allowed to, and let constructions, with register differences.
You may leave now.
may = permission
Typowa trudność uczących się
Learners may sound too formal or too direct when choosing can vs. may.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.