Instrument / Mediator
Instrumental
Instrument
Means
With what or through what does it happen?
extended
intermediate
Scene core
Sens
The tool, medium, body part, system, channel, or mediator used to perform or transmit the action.
Cum îl recunoști
Ask what tool or channel makes the action possible.
Exemple
Cuvinte
knife|phone|car|email|hand
Expresii
with a knife|by email|through the app
Propoziție
He cut the bread with a knife.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Actor │ uses ▼ Instrument / mediator │ makes possible ▼ Action He cut bread with a knife.
Compare shape
Same role, different shapes: with a knife (preposition) knife-CASE (case ending) by email (medium) through the app (channel) hand + cut (bare/compound) Ask: with/through what?
Analiză pe limbă
În limba ta
Japanese
Prezență
strong
Importanță
Instruments and means are commonly marked by で.
ナイフでパンを切った。
I cut bread with a knife.
În limba pe care o înveți
Vietnamese (standard)
Prezență
strong
Dificultate
Means or instrument is commonly marked with bằng; route/medium may use qua or bằng.
Tôi viết bằng bút.
I write by pen
Dificultate frecventă pentru cursanți
Learners may use one English preposition pattern for many Vietnamese relation words.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.