Distance / Proximity
How near or far is it?
Значение
Relative distance between speaker, listener, participant, place, or event.
Как распознать
Notice words that encode near, far, this side, that side, here, there.
Примеры
near|far|here|there|this|that
this house|that mountain|over there
This cafe is near the station.
Visual guide
ANCHOR = speaker/listener/place
near: here, this cafe
distance grows ->
far: there, that mountain
Ask: how near/far?
Distance systems: 2-way: this/here | that/there 3-way: near me | near you | far richer: visible? uphill? inside? social distance may choose form
Разбор по языкам
В родном языке
Russian has basic near/far pointing words and place adverbs.
Эта книга здесь.
This book is here.
На изучаемом языке
В английском расстояние и близость передаются прилагательными, наречиями и предлогами: near, close to, far from, nearby, next to. Выбор зависит от того, речь идёт о примерной близости или о непосредственном соседстве.
The shop is near the station.
near the station = «рядом со станцией», близость
Учащиеся часто путают near, close to, far from, nearby и next to; например, nearby обычно не требует существительного после себя, а next to значит «прямо рядом».
Good transfer potential
This block behaves relatively similarly, so you can transfer intuition more safely between the two languages.