E05
extended
Speaker stance
Modality
Permission Aura
Is it allowed?
intermediate
Permission modal
Deontic modality
意味
A modal layer expressing permission, prohibition, allowance, entitlement, or social/legal approval.
見分け方
Ask whether someone is allowed or not allowed to do something.
例
単語
may|allowed|can|let
フレーズ
may enter|allowed to leave|let me know
文
You may use my phone.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Permission gate:
[person] → | gate | → [event]
open = may/can
shut = not allowed
You may use my phone.
Compare shape
Permission vs ability: can enter = allowed? can enter = able? Some languages share CAN others separate: allowed / able Ask: is it permitted?
言語別ビュー
母語の仕組み
日本語
表れ方
strong
重要度
Permission is commonly expressed by てもいい and related patterns.
私の電話を使ってもいいです。
You may use my phone.
学習言語では
英語
表れ方
strong
難易度
English expresses permission with may, can, be allowed to, and let constructions, with register differences.
You may leave now.
may = permission
よくあるつまずき
Learners may sound too formal or too direct when choosing can vs. may.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.