D03
extended
Relations
Relations between participants
Recipient Link
To whom does it go or for whom is it intended?
intermediate
Dative
Indirect object
Benefactive
Znaczenie
The grammatical link that connects an event or object to a recipient, addressee, or beneficiary.
Jak to rozpoznać
Look for the person who receives, hears, gets, or benefits.
Przykłady
Słowa
to me|for you|her|the customer
Zwroty
give it to me|tell Anna|cook for us
Zdanie
I sent her a message.
Visual guide
Basic shape
EVENT + THING → RECIPIENT send + message → her "I sent her a message." Recipient gets/hears/benefits Ask: to whom? for whom?
Compare shape
Recipient shapes: Preposition: give it to me Bare object: tell Anna Dative case: Anna-DAT tell Benefactive: cook for us Same link: target person
Widok językowy
W języku ojczystym
Polski
Występowanie
strong
Znaczenie
Recipient/addressee links are often selected by verb valency and dative case.
Pomagam bratu.
I-help brother-DAT.
W języku nauki
Angielski
Występowanie
strong
Trudność
English uses to/for or double-object constructions to express recipients and beneficiaries.
She sent a message to me.
to me = recipient link
Typowa trudność uczących się
Learners may confuse 'to' and 'for' or choose the wrong object order.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.