E07
extended
Speaker stance
Certainty
Certainty Signal
How sure is the speaker?
intermediate
Epistemic modality
Evidential adverb
Stance marker
意味
A signal of certainty, probability, doubt, assumption, hearsay, inference, or confidence.
見分け方
Look for words like certainly, probably, maybe, apparently.
例
単語
certainly|probably|maybe|apparently|surely
フレーズ
probably true|maybe later|apparently finished
文
She is probably at home.
Visual guide
Basic shape
claim: She is at home.
^
certainty layer:
how sure is speaker?
maybe -> probably -> certainly
low mid high
Compare shape
Where can E07 live? adverb: probably particle: maybe modal verb: MOD + verb verb/mood: CERT-form same job: confidence
言語別ビュー
母語の仕組み
日本語
表れ方
strong
重要度
Certainty is marked by adverbs and sentence-final forms such as だろう.
彼女はたぶん家にいる。
She is probably at home.
学習言語では
英語
表れ方
strong
難易度
English certainty is expressed with modals, adverbs, stance verbs, and intonation.
She must be at home.
must = strong inference/certainty
よくあるつまずき
Learners often confuse epistemic must/may/might with obligation or permission meanings.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.