Quoted / Reported Speech
Direct speech
Indirect speech
Reported speech
Who said or thought it?
advanced
advanced
Information structure
意味
A structure that reports speech, thought, belief, command, or question directly or indirectly.
見分け方
Ask whose words or thoughts are being represented.
例
単語
said|told|asked|thought|quoted
フレーズ
he said that|she asked if|according to him
文
She said that she was tired.
Visual guide
Basic shape
SPEAKER / THINKER
She said [that she was tired].
[reported thought]
Ask: whose words?
→ She represents them.
Compare shape
Direct quote: She said, "I am tired." Indirect report: She said [that she was tired]. Check shifts: I→she, am→was.
言語別ビュー
母語では
Japanese
表れ方
strong
重要度
Reported speech commonly uses the quotative particle と and speech verbs.
彼女は疲れたと言った。
She said that she was tired.
学習中の言語では
Korean (South Korean standard)
表れ方
strong
難易度
Reported speech uses quotation endings such as -다고, -라고, -냐고, -자고 before a reporting verb.
그가 온다고 했어요.
He said that he is coming.
よくあるつまずき
Learners often omit the correct quotation ending or use one form for statements, questions, and commands.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.