Target / Affected One
Object
Patient
Theme
Direct object
Who or what is affected by the event?
core
basic
Scene core
Значение
The participant that receives the action, changes, is moved, is created, is consumed, or is otherwise affected.
Как распознать
Ask what the action hits, changes, moves, creates, or concerns.
Примеры
Слова
apple|door|letter|problem|him|Mary
Фразы
eat an apple|open the door|solve the problem
Предложение
The girl opened the door.
Visual guide
Basic shape
TARGET / AFFECTED ONE what is affected? Actor -> event -> [Target] girl -> opened -> [door] eat -> [apple] solve -> [problem] = affected/changed thing
Compare shape
Target clues may differ order: girl opened [door] case: [door-ACC] marker: OBJ-[door] clitic: opened-[it] agreement: verb -> door context: door understood role = affected one
Разбор по языкам
В вашем языке
Russian
Выраженность
strong
Важность
Objects are often case-marked, and animacy affects accusative forms.
Я вижу брата.
I see brother.
В изучаемом языке
Arabic (Modern Standard)
Выраженность
strong
Сложность
Targets are commonly accusative in formal MSA and can also appear as attached object pronouns.
قرأَت الطالبةُ الكتابَ.
The student read the book.
Типичная трудность
Learners may miss accusative endings or attach object pronouns incorrectly.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.