Target / Affected One
Who or what is affected by the event?
Значение
The participant that receives the action, changes, is moved, is created, is consumed, or is otherwise affected.
Как распознать
Ask what the action hits, changes, moves, creates, or concerns.
Примеры
apple|door|letter|problem|him|Mary
eat an apple|open the door|solve the problem
The girl opened the door.
Visual guide
TARGET / AFFECTED ONE what is affected? Actor -> event -> [Target] girl -> opened -> [door] eat -> [apple] solve -> [problem] = affected/changed thing
Target clues may differ order: girl opened [door] case: [door-ACC] marker: OBJ-[door] clitic: opened-[it] agreement: verb -> door context: door understood role = affected one
Разбор по языкам
В родном языке
Objects are often case-marked, and animacy affects accusative forms.
Я вижу брата.
I see brother.
На изучаемом языке
В английском тот, кого или что затрагивает действие, обычно стоит после глагола. У местоимений роль иногда видна по форме: he → him, she → her.
The dog bit the man.
the man = тот, на кого направлено действие / кого укусили
Учащиеся могут поменять местами действующее лицо и цель действия из-за порядка слов или добавлять лишние предлоги после переходных глаголов.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.