A07
extended
Scene core
Participant roles
Instrument / Mediator
With what or through what does it happen?
intermediate
Instrumental
Instrument
Means
意味
The tool, medium, body part, system, channel, or mediator used to perform or transmit the action.
見分け方
Ask what tool or channel makes the action possible.
例
単語
knife|phone|car|email|hand
フレーズ
with a knife|by email|through the app
文
He cut the bread with a knife.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Actor │ uses ▼ Instrument / mediator │ makes possible ▼ Action He cut bread with a knife.
Compare shape
Same role, different shapes: with a knife (preposition) knife-CASE (case ending) by email (medium) through the app (channel) hand + cut (bare/compound) Ask: with/through what?
言語別ビュー
母語の仕組み
日本語
表れ方
strong
重要度
Instruments and means are commonly marked by で.
ナイフでパンを切った。
I cut bread with a knife.
学習言語では
英語
表れ方
strong
難易度
English usually expresses instruments with prepositions, especially with.
She cut the bread with a knife.
with a knife = instrument
よくあるつまずき
Learners may choose the wrong preposition or omit the instrument marker.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.