A06
extended
Scene core
Participant roles
Recipient / Beneficiary
To whom or for whose benefit does it happen?
intermediate
Indirect object
Recipient
Benefactive
Dative
意味
The participant who receives something, gets a result, benefits from an action, or is the intended receiver.
見分け方
Ask who gets something or who the action is done for.
例
単語
me|you|the child|the customer
フレーズ
give me a book|buy food for Anna
文
She gave the child a toy.
Visual guide
Basic shape
Transfer frame:
She gives a toy
|
v
the child
the child gets/benefits
Compare shape
One role, several forms: She gave [the child] a toy. She gave a toy [to the child]. She bought food [for Anna]. [ ] = who gets/benefits Order/prep/case may mark it
言語別ビュー
母語の仕組み
日本語
表れ方
strong
重要度
Recipients are usually marked with に, and benefactive verbs can add who benefits.
子どもにおもちゃをあげた。
I gave a toy to the child.
学習言語では
英語
表れ方
strong
難易度
English marks recipients with double-object order or with prepositions such as to and for.
I gave her a book.
her = recipient
よくあるつまずき
Learners often confuse 'give someone something' with 'give something to someone'.
Same block, different coding
Both languages use this block strongly, but they signal it differently. Focus on form changes, not only meaning.